मातृ

See also: मातें, मौत, मृत, मति, मत, माता, मूत, and मिति

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मातृ (mātṛ).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /mɑːt̪ɾ/, [mäːt̪ɾ]

Noun

मातृ • (mātŕ) f (Urdu spelling ماتر)

1. (literary, rare, usually used in compounds) mother

   Synonyms: माँ (mā̃), माता (mātā), मादर (mādar)

   Coordinate term: पितृ (pitŕ)

Derived terms

• मातृभूमि (mātŕbhūmi, “motherland”)
• मातृभाषा (mātŕbhāṣā, “mothertongue”)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মাতৃ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬵᬢᬺ (Balinese script)
• মাতৃ (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰯𑰝𑰴 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀸𑀢𑀾 (Brahmi script)
• မာတၖ (Burmese script)
• માતૃ (Gujarati script)
• ਮਾਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌾𑌤𑍃 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦴꦠꦽ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂰𑂞𑃂 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಾತೃ (Kannada script)
• មាត្ឫ (Khmer script)
• ມາຕ຺ຣິ (Lao script)
• മാതൃ (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘰𑘝𑘵 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢗᢐᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧑𑦽𑧖 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐵𑐟𑐺 (Newa script)
• ମାତୃ (Odia script)
• ꢪꢵꢡꢺ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆳𑆠𑆸 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖯𑖝𑖴 (Siddham script)
• මාතෘ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩛𑩫𑩙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚭𑚙 (Takri script)
• மாத்ரி (Tamil script)
• మాతృ (Telugu script)
• มาตฺฤ (Thai script)
• མཱ་ཏྲྀ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒰𑒞𑒵 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨊𑨙𑨼𑨉 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *máHtā (“mother”), from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr (“mother”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬭 (mātar), Old Persian 𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎠 (m-a-t-a /⁠mātā⁠/), Old Armenian մայր (mayr), Ancient Greek μήτηρ (mḗtēr), Old Church Slavonic мати (mati), Latin māter, Old English mōdor (whence English mother).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑː.tŕ̩/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmɑː.t̪r̩/

Noun

मातृ • (mātṛ́) stem, f

1. mother
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.55.5:

     सस्तु॑ मा॒ता सस्तु॑ पि॒ता सस्तु॒ श्वा सस्तु॑ वि॒श्पति॑:।
     स॒सन्तु॒ सर्वे॑ ज्ञा॒तय॒: सस्त्व॒यम॒भितो॒ जन॑:॥

     sástu mātā́ sástu pitā́ sástu śvā́ sástu viśpáti:.
     sasántu sárve jñātáya: sástvayámabhíto jána:.

     Let the mother sleep, let the father sleep, let the dog sleep, let the son-in-law sleep, let all the kindred sleep, let the people who are stationed around sleep.

Declension

Feminine ṛ-stem declension of मातृ (mātṛ́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	माता mātā́	मातरौ / मातरा¹ mātárau / mātárā¹	मातरः mātáraḥ
Vocative	मातः mā́taḥ	मातरौ / मातरा¹ mā́tarau / mā́tarā¹	मातरः mā́taraḥ
Accusative	मातरम् mātáram	मातरौ / मातरा¹ mātárau / mātárā¹	मातॄः / मातरः mātṝ́ḥ / mātaraḥ
Instrumental	मात्रा mātrā́	मातृभ्याम् mātṛ́bhyām	मातृभिः mātṛ́bhiḥ
Dative	मात्रे mātré	मातृभ्याम् mātṛ́bhyām	मातृभ्यः mātṛ́bhyaḥ
Ablative	मातुः mātúḥ	मातृभ्याम् mātṛ́bhyām	मातृभ्यः mātṛ́bhyaḥ
Genitive	मातुः mātúḥ	मात्रोः mātróḥ	मातॄणाम् mātṝṇā́m
Locative	मातरि mātári	मात्रोः mātróḥ	मातृषु mātṛ́ṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

• the nom. pl. is used also as acc. pl. in the epics

Derived terms

• मातृभूमि (mātṛbhūmi, “motherland”)
• मातृका (mātṛkā)
• मातुःष्वसृ (mātuḥṣvasṛ)

Descendants

• Assamese: মা (ma)
• Bengali: মা (ma)
• → Bengali: মাতা (mata)
• Gujarati: મા (mā)
• Hindi: माँ (mā̃)
• → Hindi: माता (mātā)
• Punjabi: ਮਾਂ (mā̃)
• → Punjabi: ਮਾਤਾ (mātā)
• Pali: mātar
• → Telugu: మాత (māta)
• Urdu: ماں (mā̃)
• → Urdu: ماتا (mātā)

Etymology 2

From the root मा (mā) +‎ -तृ (-tṛ).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /mɑ́ː.tr̩/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈmɑː.t̪r̩/

Noun

मातृ • (mā́tṛ) stem, m

1. one who measures
2. one who knows

Declension

Masculine ṛ-stem declension of मातृ (mā́tṛ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	माता mā́tā	मातारौ / मातारा¹ mā́tārau / mā́tārā¹	मातारः mā́tāraḥ
Vocative	मातः mā́taḥ	मातारौ / मातारा¹ mā́tārau / mā́tārā¹	मातारः mā́tāraḥ
Accusative	मातारम् mā́tāram	मातारौ / मातारा¹ mā́tārau / mā́tārā¹	मातॄन् mā́tṝn
Instrumental	मात्रा mā́trā	मातृभ्याम् mā́tṛbhyām	मातृभिः mā́tṛbhiḥ
Dative	मात्रे mā́tre	मातृभ्याम् mā́tṛbhyām	मातृभ्यः mā́tṛbhyaḥ
Ablative	मातुः mā́tuḥ	मातृभ्याम् mā́tṛbhyām	मातृभ्यः mā́tṛbhyaḥ
Genitive	मातुः mā́tuḥ	मात्रोः mā́troḥ	मातॄणाम् mā́tṝṇām
Locative	मातरि mā́tari	मात्रोः mā́troḥ	मातृषु mā́tṛṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “मातृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 804, column 2.
• Monier Williams (1899) “मातृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 807, column 1.