पितृ
Hindi
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Sanskrit पितृ (pitṛ). Doublet of पिता (pitā).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editपितृ • (pitŕ) m (Urdu spelling پتر)
Declension
editSanskrit
editAlternative scripts
editAlternative scripts
- পিতৃ (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬶᬢᬺ (Balinese script)
- পিতৃ (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰰𑰝𑰴 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀺𑀢𑀾 (Brahmi script)
- ပိတၖ (Burmese script)
- પિતૃ (Gujarati script)
- ਪਿਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑌿𑌤𑍃 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦶꦠꦽ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂱𑂞𑃂 (Kaithi script)
- ಪಿತೃ (Kannada script)
- បិត្ឫ (Khmer script)
- ປິຕ຺ຣິ (Lao script)
- പിതൃ (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡳᢠᡵᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘱𑘝𑘵 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠢᢐᠷᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧒𑦽𑧖 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐶𑐟𑐺 (Newa script)
- ପିତୃ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢶꢡꢺ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆴𑆠𑆸 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖰𑖝𑖴 (Siddham script)
- පිතෘ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩑𑩫𑩙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚮𑚙 (Takri script)
- பித்ரி (Tamil script)
- పితృ (Telugu script)
- ปิตฺฤ (Thai script)
- པི་ཏྲྀ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒱𑒞𑒵 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨁𑨙𑨼𑨉 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *pHtā́ (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬌𐬙𐬀𐬭 (pitar), Latin pater, Ancient Greek πᾰτήρ (patḗr), Old Armenian հայր (hayr), Old Persian 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 (p-i-t-a /pitā/) (whence Persian پدر (pedar)), Old English fæder (whence English father).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editपितृ • (pitṛ́) stem, m
- a father
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.55.5:
- सस्तु माता सस्तु पिता सस्तु श्वा सस्तु विश्पतिः ।
ससन्तु सर्वे ज्ञातयः सस्त्वयमभितो जनः ॥- sastu mātā sastu pitā sastu śvā sastu viśpatiḥ.
sasantu sarve jñātayaḥ sastvayamabhito janaḥ. - May the mother sleep, may the father sleep, may the dog and the village chief sleep.
Let all the kinsmen and all the people who are round about sleep.
- sastu mātā sastu pitā sastu śvā sastu viśpatiḥ.
- सस्तु माता सस्तु पिता सस्तु श्वा सस्तु विश्पतिः ।
- (in the plural) paternal ancestor; forefather
- The Pitrs; spirits of the deceased ancestors venerated in the Vedic religion
- c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) VI.1.1:
- देवमनुष्या दिशो व्यभजन्त प्राचीं देवा दक्षिणा पितरः प्रतीचीम् मनुष्या उदीचीꣳ रुद्राः । यत् प्राचीनवꣳशं करोति देवलोकम् एव तद् यजमान उपावर्तते परि श्रयति । अन्तर्हितो हि देवलोको मनुष्यलोकात् ।
- devamanuṣyā diśo vyabhajanta prācīṃ devā dakṣiṇā pitaraḥ pratīcīm manuṣyā udīcīṃ rudrāḥ. yat prācīnavaṃśaṃ karoti devalokam eva tad yajamāna upāvartate pari śrayati. antarhito hi devaloko manuṣyalokāt.
- The gods and the men divided the quarters [of the world]; the gods (obtained) the eastern, the Pitrs (obtained) the southern, men (obtained) the western, the Rudras (obtained) the northern. In that, he makes a hall with beams pointing east, the worshipper approaches the world of the gods. He covers it over, for the world of the gods is hidden from the world of men.
- देवमनुष्या दिशो व्यभजन्त प्राचीं देवा दक्षिणा पितरः प्रतीचीम् मनुष्या उदीचीꣳ रुद्राः । यत् प्राचीनवꣳशं करोति देवलोकम् एव तद् यजमान उपावर्तते परि श्रयति । अन्तर्हितो हि देवलोको मनुष्यलोकात् ।
Declension
editMasculine ṛ-stem declension of पितृ (pitṛ́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | पिता pitā́ |
पितरौ / पितरा¹ pitárau / pitárā¹ |
पितरः pitáraḥ |
Vocative | पितः pítaḥ |
पितरौ / पितरा¹ pítarau / pítarā¹ |
पितरः pítaraḥ |
Accusative | पितरम् pitáram |
पितरौ / पितरा¹ pitárau / pitárā¹ |
पितॄन् / पितरः pitṝ́n / pitaraḥ |
Instrumental | पित्रा pitrā́ |
पितृभ्याम् pitṛ́bhyām |
पितृभिः pitṛ́bhiḥ |
Dative | पित्रे pitré |
पितृभ्याम् pitṛ́bhyām |
पितृभ्यः pitṛ́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | पितुः pitúḥ |
पितृभ्याम् pitṛ́bhyām |
पितृभ्यः pitṛ́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | पितुः pitúḥ |
पित्रोः pitróḥ |
पितॄणाम् pitṝṇā́m |
Locative | पितरि pitári |
पित्रोः pitróḥ |
पितृषु pitṛ́ṣu |
Notes |
|
- the nom. pl. is used also as acc. pl. in the epics
Derived terms
edit- पितृष्वसृ (pitṛṣvasṛ)
- पितुःष्वसृ (pituḥṣvasṛ)
Descendants
edit- Helu Prakrit:
- Sinhalese: පියා (piyā)
- Magadhi Prakrit:
- Odia: ପିଅର (piara)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: ਪਿੱਤਰ (pittar)
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
- Pali: pitar
Borrowed terms
edit- → Bengali: পিতা (pita)
- → Gujarati: પિતા (pitā)
- → Hindi: पिता (pitā), पितृ (pitŕ)
- → Kannada: ಪಿತೃ (pitṛ) (learned)
- → Malayalam: പിതൃ (pitr̥) (learned)
- → Marathi: पितृ (pitŕ) (learned)
- → Nepali: पिता (pitā), पितृ (pitr̥)
- → Odia: ପିତୃ (pitru) (learned)
- → Punjabi: ਪਿਤਾ (pitā)
- → Old Javanese: pitā
- → Tamil: பிதா (pitā)
- → Telugu: పిత (pita), పితృలు (pitr̥lu)
- → Thai: ปิตฤ, ปิตร (bpìt-dtrà-)
- → Urdu: پتا پتر
References
edit- Monier Williams (1899) “पितृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 626, column 2.
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi doublets
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi masculine r-stem nouns
- hi:Family
- hi:People
- hi:Male family members
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit ṛ-stem nouns
- sa:Family