रत्न

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna). Doublet of रतन (ratan).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɾət̪.nᵊ/, [ɾɐt̪̚.nᵊ]
• (epenthetic) (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɾə.t̪ən/, [ɾɐ.t̪ɐ̃n]

Noun

रत्न • (ratna) m

1. jewel, gem, precious stone
2. treasure

Declension

Declension of रत्न (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	रत्न ratna	रत्न ratna
oblique	रत्न ratna	रत्नों ratnõ
vocative	रत्न ratna	रत्नो ratno

Marathi

Alternative forms

• रतन (ratan)

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna).

Noun

रत्न • (ratna) n

1. gem, jewel, precious stone
2. collective term for 14 precious things generated during Samudra manthan.
3. (figuratively) term of praise for an excellent thing in general; jewel

Derived terms

(Adjectives)

• रत्नजडीत (ratnajḍīt)

(Noun)

• रत्नपारखी c (ratnapārakhī)

Related terms

(Adjectives)

• रत्नखचित (ratnakhcit)

(Nouns)

• रत्नदीप m (ratnadīp)
• रत्नाकर m (ratnākara)

Nepali

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rʌt̪n̪ʌ]
• Phonetic Devanagari: रत्न

Noun

रत्न • (ratna)

1. gem, jewel

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ৰত্ন (Assamese script)
• ᬭᬢ᭄ᬦ (Balinese script)
• রত্ন (Bengali script)
• 𑰨𑰝𑰿𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ရတ္န (Burmese script)
• રત્ન (Gujarati script)
• ਰਤ੍ਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌰𑌤𑍍𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦫꦠ꧀ꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂩𑂞𑂹𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ರತ್ನ (Kannada script)
• រត្ន (Khmer script)
• ຣຕ຺ນ (Lao script)
• രത്ന (Malayalam script)
• ᡵᠠᢠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘨𑘝𑘿𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᠷᠠᢐᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧈𑦽𑧠𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐬𑐟𑑂𑐣 (Newa script)
• ରତ୍ନ (Odia script)
• ꢬꢡ꣄ꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆫𑆠𑇀𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖨𑖝𑖿𑖡 (Siddham script)
• රත‍්න (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩼𑩫 𑪙𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚤𑚙𑚶𑚝 (Takri script)
• ரத்ந (Tamil script)
• రత్న (Telugu script)
• รตฺน (Thai script)
• ར་ཏྣ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨫𑨙𑩇𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From राति (√rā, “to grant, give, bestow”).

Noun

रत्न • (rátna) stem, n

1. gift, present, goods, wealth, riches (RV., AV., ŚBr.)
2. jewel, gem, treasure, precious stone (the nine jewel are pearl, ruby, topaz, diamond, emerald, lapis lazuli, coral, sapphire, गोमेद (gomeda); hence ratna is a name for the number 9; but according to some 14) (Mn. MBh. etc.)
3. anything valuable or best of its kind (e. g. पुत्ररत्न (putra-ratna, “an excellent son”))
4. magnet, loadstone (Kap., Sch.) (compare मणि (maṇi))
5. water (L.)
6. = रत्नहविस् (ratna-havis) (ŚBr.)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of रत्न
Nom. sg.	रत्नम् (ratnam)
Gen. sg.	रत्नस्य (ratnasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	रत्नम् (ratnam)	रत्ने (ratne)	रत्नानि (ratnāni)
Vocative	रत्न (ratna)	रत्ने (ratne)	रत्नानि (ratnāni)
Accusative	रत्नम् (ratnam)	रत्ने (ratne)	रत्नानि (ratnāni)
Instrumental	रत्नेन (ratnena)	रत्नाभ्याम् (ratnābhyām)	रत्नैः (ratnaiḥ)
Dative	रत्नाय (ratnāya)	रत्नाभ्याम् (ratnābhyām)	रत्नेभ्यः (ratnebhyaḥ)
Ablative	रत्नात् (ratnāt)	रत्नाभ्याम् (ratnābhyām)	रत्नेभ्यः (ratnebhyaḥ)
Genitive	रत्नस्य (ratnasya)	रत्नयोः (ratnayoḥ)	रत्नानाम् (ratnānām)
Locative	रत्ने (ratne)	रत्नयोः (ratnayoḥ)	रत्नेषु (ratneṣu)

Derived terms

• प्रभूतरत्न (prabhūtaratna)
• रत्नकन्दल (ratnakandala)
• रत्नगर्भा (ratnagarbhā)
• रत्नगिरि (ratnagiri)
• रत्नतल्प (ratnatalpa)
• रत्नदीप (ratnadīpa)
• रत्नप्रभ (ratnaprabha)
• रत्नराशि (ratnarāśi)
• रत्नसम्भव (ratnasambhava)
• रत्नसानु (ratnasānu)
• रत्नाकर (ratnākara)
• रत्नाभरण (ratnābharaṇa)
• रत्नावली (ratnāvalī)

 

Descendants

• → Hindi: रत्न (ratna)
• → Malayalam: രത്നം (ratnaṁ)
• → Marathi: रत्न (ratna)
• → Nepali: रत्न (ratna)
• Pali: ratana
  • → Burmese: ရတနာ (ra.ta.na)
  • → Khmer: រត្ន (rŭətnɔɔ)
  • → Thai: รัตนะ (rát-dtà-ná)
• → Punjabi: ਰਤਨ (ratan)
• → Tamil: இரத்தினம் (irattiṉam), ரத்தினம் (rattiṉam)
• → Telugu: రత్నము (ratnamu)

References

• Haughton, Graves C. (1833) “ৰত্ন”, in A Dictionary, Bengálí and Sanskrit, Explained in English, and Adapted for Students of Either Language‎^[1], London: J. L. Cox & Son, page 2373
• Monier Williams (1899) “रत्न”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0864.