राज्

See also: राज, राज़, रोज़, रंज, राजि, रोज़ा, राजा, and रोज

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৰাজ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬭᬵᬚ᭄ (Balinese script)
• রাজ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰨𑰯𑰕𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀭𑀸𑀚𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ရာဇ် (Burmese script)
• રાજ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਰਾਜ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌰𑌾𑌜𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦫꦴꦗ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂩𑂰𑂔𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ರಾಜ್ (Kannada script)
• រាជ៑ (Khmer script)
• ຣາຊ຺ (Lao script)
• രാജ് (Malayalam script)
• ᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡯ (Manchu script)
• 𑘨𑘰𑘕𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠷᠠᢗᠽ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧈𑧑𑦵𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐬𑐵𑐖𑑂 (Newa script)
• ରାଜ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢬꢵꢙ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆫𑆳𑆘𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖨𑖯𑖕𑖿 (Siddham script)
• රාජ් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩼𑩛𑩣 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚤𑚭𑚑𑚶 (Takri script)
• ராஜ் (Tamil script)
• రాజ్ (Telugu script)
• ราชฺ (Thai script)
• རཱ་ཛ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒩𑒰𑒖𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨫𑨊𑨥𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɾɑ́ːd͡ʑ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɾɑːd͡ʑ/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hrā́ṭṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrā́ćš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗḱs (“king”). Cognate with Latin rēx (“king”), Welsh rhi (“king”).

Noun

राज् • (rā́j) stem, m

1. (Rigvedic) a king, sovereign, chief, lord
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.12.1:

     मध्ये॒ होता॑ दुरो॒णे ब॒र्हिषो॒ राळ् अग्निस् तो॒दस्य॒ रोद॑सी॒ यज॑ध्यै।
     अ॒यं स सू॒नुः सह॑स ऋ॒तावा॑ दू॒रात् सूर्यो॒ न शो॒चिषा॑ ततान॥

     mádhye hótā duroṇé barhíṣo rā́ḷ ágnís todásya ródasī yájadhyai.
     ayáṃ sá sūnúḥ sáhasa ṛtā́vā dūrā́t sū́ryo ná śocíṣā tatāna.

     May Agni, the king of trimmed grass, Herald within the Impeller's dwelling, offer worship to heaven and earth.
     He, Son of Strength, the Holy, from a distance hath spread himself abroad with light like the sun.

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of राज् (rā́j)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	राट् rā́ṭ	राजौ / राजा¹ rā́jau / rā́jā¹	राजः rā́jaḥ
Vocative	राट् rā́ṭ	राजौ / राजा¹ rā́jau / rā́jā¹	राजः rā́jaḥ
Accusative	राजम् rā́jam	राजौ / राजा¹ rā́jau / rā́jā¹	राजः rā́jaḥ
Instrumental	राजा rājā́	राड्भ्याम् rāḍbhyā́m	राड्भिः rāḍbhíḥ
Dative	राजे rājé	राड्भ्याम् rāḍbhyā́m	राड्भ्यः rāḍbhyáḥ
Ablative	राजः rājáḥ	राड्भ्याम् rāḍbhyā́m	राड्भ्यः rāḍbhyáḥ
Genitive	राजः rājáḥ	राजोः rājóḥ	राजाम् rājā́m
Locative	राजि rājí	राजोः rājóḥ	राट्सु rāṭsú
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-.

Root

राज् • (rāj)

1. to rule, to reign
2. to direct, to govern
3. to be a king; to be kingly or regal

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root राज् (0 c, 3 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• राजते (rā́jate, Present)
• राजति (rā́jati, Present)

Non-Finite Forms

• राजसे (rājáse, Infinitive)

Derived Nominal Forms

• राष्टि (rā́ṣṭi)
• राजन् (rā́jan)
• राज् (rā́j)
• राज्ञी (rā́jñī)
• राष्ट्र (rāṣṭrá)
• राष्ट्रपति (rāṣṭrapáti)
• राष्ट्री (rā́ṣṭrī)
• राष्ट्रिय (rāṣṭríya)
• राज (rā́ja)
• राजपति (rā́japati)
• राज्य (rā́jya)
• राजन (rā́jana)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “राज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 872/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 444-6