chief
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English chef, borrowed from Old French chief (“leader”), from Vulgar Latin *capum (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
chief (plural chiefs)
- A leader or head of a group of people, organisation, etc. [from 13th c.]
- 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, p. 4:
- My father, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa, was a chief by both blood and custom.
- All firefighters report to the fire chief.
- 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, p. 4:
- (heraldry) The top part of a shield or escutcheon; more specifically, an ordinary consisting of the upper part of the field cut off by a horizontal line, generally occupying the top third. [from 15th c.]
- 1889, Charles Norton Elvin, A Dictionary of Heraldry:
- When the Chief is Charged with any figure, in blazon it is said to be "On a Chief".
- 1889, Charles Norton Elvin, A Dictionary of Heraldry:
- The principal part or top of anything.
- An informal term of address, sometimes ironic.
- Hey, chief.
SynonymsEdit
- See also Thesaurus:boss
Derived termsEdit
Terms derived from chief (noun)
- chief executive officer/CEO
- band chief
- case-in-chief
- chief constable
- chiefess
- chief executive
- chief legal officer
- chief magistrate
- chief mate
- chief of staff
- chief of state
- chief petty officer
- commander in chief
- dexter chief
- editor in chief
- fire chief
- police chief
- too many chiefs and not enough Indians
- war chief
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
TranslationsEdit
leader of group, etc.
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head of an organization
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heraldic term
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
AdjectiveEdit
chief (comparative chiefer or more chief, superlative chiefest or most chief)
- Primary; principal.
- Negligence was the chief cause of the disaster.
- 1727, Tobias Swinden, “The Improbability of Hell Fire’s Being in, or about the Center of the Earth”, in An Enquiry into the Nature and Place of Hell. […] With a Supplement, wherein the Notions of A[rch]b[isho]p [John] Tillotson, Dr. Lupton, and Others, as to the Eternity of Hell Torments, are Impartially Represented. And the Rev. Mr. Wall’s Sentiments of this Learned Work, 2nd edition, London: Printed by H. P. for Tho[mas] Astley, at the Dolphin and Crown in St. Paul's Church-Yard, OCLC 645158554, pages 98–99:
- […] But when we find that they [volcanoes] are but few in Number, and the chiefeſt of thoſe too near the torrid Zone, and from their Tops to iſſue forth, now clear Fire, then thick, black Smoke, and ſometimes little or nothing at all; we muſt conclude, that they are only particular Fires, probably of the Sun’s kindling at firſt, and ſince continued by the caſual and incidental Applications of that Pabulum, which thoſe Part of the Earth adminiſter to them.
- 2011, Roy F. Baumeister, John Tierney, Willpower, →ISBN, page 113:
- Researchers found that one of the chief effects of drinking was to reduce people's ability to monitor their own behavior.
- (Scotland) Intimate, friendly.
- 2006, James Robertson: The Testament of Gideon Mack, p 324:
- 'You’re doing it because she was your friend, not because she was a parishioner, and certainly not because of the Declaratory Articles,' Macmurray said, pushing himself forward on his seat. 'Everybody knows how chief you and she were. It was an unfitting relationship for a minister while she was alive, and it is equally unfitting for you to do her a favour like this now she's dead.'
- 2006, James Robertson: The Testament of Gideon Mack, p 324:
TranslationsEdit
primary; principal
VerbEdit
chief (third-person singular simple present chiefs, present participle chiefing, simple past and past participle chiefed)
- (US, slang) To smoke cannabis.
- 2012, Marquis "Cream" Cureton, When the Smoke Clears (page 268)
- He chiefed on the bud like a pro, taking long deep hits and holding it within until he had inhaled as much of the weed smoke as he could.
- 2012, Marquis "Cream" Cureton, When the Smoke Clears (page 268)
See alsoEdit
AnagramsEdit
Middle EnglishEdit
NounEdit
chief
- Alternative form of chef
AdjectiveEdit
chief
- Alternative form of chef
Middle FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old French chief.
NounEdit
chief m (plural chiefs)
DescendantsEdit
- French: chef (see there for further descendants)
Old FrenchEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
First known attestation 881 in The Sequence of Saint Eulalia. From Vulgar Latin *capum, from Latin caput.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
chief m (oblique plural chiés, nominative singular chiés, nominative plural chief)
- (anatomy) head
- circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:
- Le chief li desarme et la face.
- He exposed his head and his face.
- Le chief li desarme et la face.
- circa 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:
- leader, chief
- front (foremost side of something)