rex

See also: Rex

English

Etymology

From the Latin rēx (“king”), referring originally to rabbits of the Belgian "castorrex" breed, so named because their fur was similar to that of beavers. Entered English around 1920. Doublet of rajah and roy.

Noun

rex (plural rexes)

1. An animal which has a genetic recessive variation that causes the guard hairs to be very short or fully lacking.

Derived terms

• Cornish Rex
• Devon Rex
• German Rex
• Oregon Rex
• Selkirk Rex

 

Related terms

• Rex

See also

• Bantersaurus Rex
• rex-pat
• rex sacrorum
• T. rex
• Tyrannosaurus rex

 

Anagrams

• Ex'r, Xer, xer-

Latin

Alternative forms

• ℞

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs

Proto-Italic *rēks

Latin rēx

From Proto-Italic *rēks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“king, ruler”). Cognates include Sanskrit राजन् (rā́jan, “king”) and Old Irish rí (“king”).

Iācōbus Rēx Scōtōrum (James [V], King of the Scots)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /reːks/, [reːks̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /reks/, [rɛks]

Noun

rēx m (genitive rēgis, feminine rēgīna); third declension

1. king, ruler
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.544–545:

     “Rēx erat Aenēās nōbīs quō iūstior alter
     nec pietāte fuit nec bellō maior et armīs.”

     “We had a king, Aeneas: [None] other than he was more just, nor dutiful, nor [skillful] in war and with weaponry.”

   • Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, Danihelis 1:1:

     annō tertiō rēgnī Ioachim rēgis Iuda vēnit Nabuchodonosor rēx Babylōnis Hierūsalēm et obsēdit eam

     "In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusalem, and besieged it."

2. (derogatory) despot, tyrant (during the time of the Republic when there were no kings and executive power was usually divided)
3. (Late Latin, chess) king

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rēx	rēgēs
Genitive	rēgis	rēgum
Dative	rēgī	rēgibus
Accusative	rēgem	rēgēs
Ablative	rēge	rēgibus
Vocative	rēx	rēgēs

• Rēcei is an early form of rēgī.

Derived terms

• rēgnum
• rēgulus
• rēgis fīlia, rēgis puella (“princess”)
• typographus Rēgis

Related terms

• rēgālis
• rēgia
• rēgīna
• rēgnō
• regō
• rēgulus

 

Descendants

• Dalmatian:
  • ra
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: rè
  • Italian: re
    • → Maltese: re
  • Neapolitan: rré
  • Sicilian: re, reji
• North Italian:
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Emilian: rà
    • Old Lombard: rex
      • Lombard: rè, re
    • Piedmontese: rèj
  • Friulian: re
  • Ladin: re
  • Ligurian: re
  • Romansch: retg, raig, rai
  • Venetian: re
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: rê
  • Old French: roi, rex; rei; rai; roy
    • Middle French: roy
      • French: roi, roy (obsolete) (pre-1800)
        • Antillean Creole: wa
        • Guianese Creole: rwè
        • Haitian Creole: wa
          • (perhaps) ⇒ Haitian Creole: lwa
            • → English: loa
        • Karipúna Creole French: hué
        • Louisiana Creole: rwa
        • Seychellois Creole: lerwa
    • Norman:

      Continental Normandy: rai, ré, rey

      Guernsey: ré, roué

      Jersey: rouai

      Sark: rwe

    • Walloon: roy, rwè
    • → Middle Breton: roe
      • Breton: roue
    • → Middle Cornish: ruy
      • Cornish: ruw
    • → Middle English: roy, roye
      • English: roy
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: rei, rey
    • Catalan: rei
  • Old Occitan: rei
    • Occitan: rei, rèi
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Navarro-Aragonese: rei, rey
    • Aragonese: rei
  • Old Leonese: rei, rey, re
    • Asturian: rei, reye
    • Leonese: rei
    • Mirandese: rei
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: rei
    • Fala: rei
    • Galician: rei
    • Portuguese: rei (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Spanish: rey
    • Ladino: rey
    • Spanish: rey
      • Chavacano: rey
      • Papiamentu: rey
      • → San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo: rey
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: re, rei

Borrowings:

• → Albanian: regj
• → Basque: errege
• → English: rex, Rex
• → Esperanto: reĝo
• → Koine Greek: ῥήξ (rhḗx)
  • → Greek: ρήγας (rígas)
    • → Albanian: rig
    • → Romanian: rigă
• → Ido: rejo
• → Interlingua: rege
• → Italian: rege
• → Romanian: rege
• →? Sicilian: reghi
• →⇒ Translingual: Balaeniceps rex, Tyrannosaurus rex
• → Volapük: reg

References

• “rex”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• rex in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• rex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to establish some one as king, tyrant: aliquem regem, tyrannum constituere
    
  • to restore a king to his throne (not in solium): regem restituere
    
  • (ambiguous) to belong to the king's bodyguard: a latere regis esse
    
• “rex”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “rex”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Lombard

Etymology

From Latin rēx.

Pronunciation

• (Old Lombard) IPA^(key): [ˈɾɛʒ]

Noun

rex m (feminine regina)

1. (Old Lombard) king

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

rex ?

1. side