वृक
HindiEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- बृक (bŕk)
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Sanskrit वृक (vṛka).
NounEdit
वृक • (vŕk) m
DeclensionEdit
Declension of वृक (masc cons-stem)
MarathiEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Sanskrit वृक (vṛka).
NounEdit
वृक • (vruk) m
- a wolf
ReferencesEdit
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “वृक”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
SanskritEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥kas (“wolf”), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬀 (vəhrka), Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /varka/) (whence Persian گرگ (gorg)), Latin lupus, Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), Lithuanian vilkas, Old Church Slavonic влькъ (vlĭkŭ), Old English ƿulf (whence English wolf). Native grammarians etymologize it as "the tearer" and connect it to root व्रश्च् (vraśc), whence वृक्ण (vṛkṇa).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
वृक • (vṛ́ka) m
- a wolf
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.183.4:
- मा वां वृको मा वृकीरा दधर्षीन्मा परि वर्क्तमुत माति धक्तम्।
अयं वां भागो निहित इयं गीर्दस्राविमे वां निधयो मधूनाम्॥- mā vāṃ vṛko mā vṛkīrā dadharṣīnmā pari varktamuta māti dhaktam.
ayaṃ vāṃ bhāgo nihita iyaṃ gīrdasrāvime vāṃ nidhayo madhūnām. - Let not the wolf, let not the she-wolf harm you.
Forsake me not, nor pass me by or others.
- mā vāṃ vṛko mā vṛkīrā dadharṣīnmā pari varktamuta māti dhaktam.
- मा वां वृको मा वृकीरा दधर्षीन्मा परि वर्क्तमुत माति धक्तम्।
- plough
- thunderbolt
- moon; sun
- (botany) a kind of plant (= बक (baka))
- the resin of Pinus longifolia, now Pinus palustris
DeclensionEdit
Masculine a-stem declension of वृक (vṛ́ka) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | वृकः vṛ́kaḥ |
वृकौ vṛ́kau |
वृकाः / वृकासः¹ vṛ́kāḥ / vṛ́kāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | वृक vṛ́ka |
वृकौ vṛ́kau |
वृकाः / वृकासः¹ vṛ́kāḥ / vṛ́kāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | वृकम् vṛ́kam |
वृकौ vṛ́kau |
वृकान् vṛ́kān |
Instrumental | वृकेण vṛ́keṇa |
वृकाभ्याम् vṛ́kābhyām |
वृकैः / वृकेभिः¹ vṛ́kaiḥ / vṛ́kebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | वृकाय vṛ́kāya |
वृकाभ्याम् vṛ́kābhyām |
वृकेभ्यः vṛ́kebhyaḥ |
Ablative | वृकात् vṛ́kāt |
वृकाभ्याम् vṛ́kābhyām |
वृकेभ्यः vṛ́kebhyaḥ |
Genitive | वृकस्य vṛ́kasya |
वृकयोः vṛ́kayoḥ |
वृकाणाम् vṛ́kāṇām |
Locative | वृके vṛ́ke |
वृकयोः vṛ́kayoḥ |
वृकेषु vṛ́keṣu |
Notes |
|
DescendantsEdit
- Ashokan Prakrit: [Term?]
- Dardic:
- Shina: उरुक (uruk)
- Pali: vaka
- → Hindi: वृक (vŕk)
- → Marathi: वृक (vruk)
- → Telugu: వృకము (vr̥kamu)
Proper nounEdit
वृक • (Vṛ́ka) m
- name of an Asura
- name of a son of Krishna
- name of a king
- name of a son of Ruruka (or Bharuka)
- name Prithu
- name of a son of Shura
- name of a son of Vatsaka
- (in the plural) name of a people and a country (belonging to मध्यदेश (madhya-deśa)) (compare वार्केण्य (vārkeṇya))
Related termsEdit
- वृकी (vṛ́kī)
ReferencesEdit
- “वृक” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 516.
- Monier Williams (1899), “वृक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1008.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “वृक”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 294
- Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 700