श्रोत्र

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit श्रोत्र (śrotra).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʃɾoːt̪.ɾᵊ/

Noun

श्रोत्र • (śrotra) m (formal)

1. (anatomy) the ear

   Synonyms: कान (kān), कर्ण (karṇ), श्रवणेंद्रिय (śravṇendriya), श्रवण (śravaṇ)

2. proficiency in the Vedas
3. the Vedas

Declension

Declension of श्रोत्र (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	श्रोत्र śrotra	श्रोत्र śrotra
oblique	श्रोत्र śrotra	श्रोत्रों śrotrõ
vocative	श्रोत्र śrotra	श्रोत्रो śrotro

Further reading

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “श्रोत्र”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “श्रोत्र”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শ্ৰোত্ৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬰ᭄ᬭᭀᬢ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
• শ্রোত্র (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰺𑰝𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑁆𑀭𑁄𑀢𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ၐြောတြ (Burmese script)
• શ્રોત્ર (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼੍ਰੋਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍍𑌰𑍋𑌤𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦿꦺꦴꦠꦿ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂹𑂩𑂷𑂞𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಶ್ರೋತ್ರ (Kannada script)
• ឝ្រោត្រ (Khmer script)
• ຨ຺ໂຣຕ຺ຣ (Lao script)
• ശ്രോത്ര (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᡵᠣᢠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘻𑘝𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠷᠣᠸᠠᢐᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧜𑦽𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑑂𑐬𑑀𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
• ଶ୍ରୋତ୍ର (Odia script)
• ꢯ꣄ꢬꣂꢡ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆾𑆠𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖿𑖨𑖺𑖝𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
• ශ්‍රොත්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿 𑪙𑩼𑩕𑩫 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚶𑚤𑚴𑚙𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
• ஶ்ரோத்ர (Tamil script)
• శ్రోత్ర (Telugu script)
• ศฺโรตฺร (Thai script)
• ཤྲོ་ཏྲ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒼𑒞𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑩇𑨫𑨆𑨙𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱléw-tro-m (“means of hearing”), from *ḱlew- (“to hear”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *hleuþrą (whence Icelandic hljóður). The word is from guna (full grade) श्रो. Added to the guna/full grade is the -tra ending which indicates instrumentality: literally "a means for hearing."

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɾɐ́wt.ɾɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɕɾoːt̪.ɾɐ/

Noun

श्रोत्र • (śrótra) stem, n

1. (anatomy) the organ of hearing; ear

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:कर्ण

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.7.10:

     आयु॑र्य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां प्रा॒णो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पताम्-अपा॒नो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ व्या॒नो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ चक्षु॑र्य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पता॒ँ श्रोत्रं॑ य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ मनो॑ य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां॒ वाग्य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पताम्-आ॒त्मा य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पतां य॒ज्ञो य॒ज्ञेन॑ कल्पताम्

     ā́yuryajñéna kalpatāṃ prāṇó yajñéna kalpatām-apānó yajñéna kalpatāṃ vyānó yajñéna kalpatāṃ cákṣuryajñéna kalpatām̐ śrotraṃ yajñéna kalpatāṃ máno yajñéna kalpatāṃ vā́gyajñéna kalpatām-ātmā́ yajñéna kalpatāṃ yajñó yajñéna kalpatām

     May life prosper through the worship, may expiration prosper through the worship, may inspiration prosper through the worship, may cross-breathing prosper through the worship, may the eye prosper through the worship, may the ear prosper through the worship, may mind prosper through the worship, may speech prosper through the worship, may the self prosper through the worship, may the worship prosper through the worship.

   • c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā 15.9:

     श्रोत्रं चक्षुः स्पर्शनं च रसनं घ्राणमेव च।अधिष्ठाय मनश्चायं विषयानुपसेवते॥

     śrotraṃ cakṣuḥ sparśanaṃ ca rasanaṃ ghrāṇameva ca.adhiṣṭhāya manaścāyaṃ viṣayānupasevate.

     The living entity, thus taking another gross body, obtains a certain type of ear, eye, tongue, nose and sense of touch, which are grouped about the mind. He thus enjoys a particular set of sense objects.

2. the act of listening to
3. proficiency in the Vedas
4. the Vedas

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of श्रोत्र (śrótra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	श्रोत्रम् śrótram	श्रोत्रे śrótre	श्रोत्राणि / श्रोत्रा¹ śrótrāṇi / śrótrā¹
Vocative	श्रोत्र śrótra	श्रोत्रे śrótre	श्रोत्राणि / श्रोत्रा¹ śrótrāṇi / śrótrā¹
Accusative	श्रोत्रम् śrótram	श्रोत्रे śrótre	श्रोत्राणि / श्रोत्रा¹ śrótrāṇi / śrótrā¹
Instrumental	श्रोत्रेण śrótreṇa	श्रोत्राभ्याम् śrótrābhyām	श्रोत्रैः / श्रोत्रेभिः¹ śrótraiḥ / śrótrebhiḥ¹
Dative	श्रोत्राय śrótrāya	श्रोत्राभ्याम् śrótrābhyām	श्रोत्रेभ्यः śrótrebhyaḥ
Ablative	श्रोत्रात् śrótrāt	श्रोत्राभ्याम् śrótrābhyām	श्रोत्रेभ्यः śrótrebhyaḥ
Genitive	श्रोत्रस्य śrótrasya	श्रोत्रयोः śrótrayoḥ	श्रोत्राणाम् śrótrāṇām
Locative	श्रोत्रे śrótre	श्रोत्रयोः śrótrayoḥ	श्रोत्रेषु śrótreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: sota
• Prakrit: 𑀲𑁄𑀅 (soa)
• → Hindi: श्रोत्र (śrotra) (learned)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “श्रोत्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1103.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “श्रोत्र”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “श्रोत्र”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “śrotra”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.