सुप्त

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सुप्त (supta).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /sʊpt̪/
• Rhymes: -ʊpt̪

Adjective

सुप्त • (supt) (indeclinable)

1. asleep, sleeping
2. inert
3. numbed, insensible

Synonyms

• (asleep): सोया हुआ (soyā huā), शयित (śayit), निद्रित (nidrit), सनिद्र (sanidra), निद्राभिभूत (nidrābhibhūt)
• (inert): सुस्त (sust)
• (numbed): सुन्न (sunn)

Antonyms

• जाग्रत (jāgrat)
• जागा हुआ (jāgā huā)
• सजग (sajag)

Derived terms

• सुप्तावस्था (suptāvasthā)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “सुप्त”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “सुप्त”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• সুপ্ত (Assamese script)
• ᬲᬸᬧ᭄ᬢ (Balinese script)
• সুপ্ত (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰲𑰢𑰿𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀢 (Brahmi script)
• သုပ္တ (Burmese script)
• સુપ્ત (Gujarati script)
• ਸੁਪ੍ਤ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑍁𑌪𑍍𑌤 (Grantha script)
• ꦱꦸꦥ꧀ꦠ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂳𑂣𑂹𑂞 (Kaithi script)
• ಸುಪ್ತ (Kannada script)
• សុប្ត (Khmer script)
• ສຸປ຺ຕ (Lao script)
• സുപ്ത (Malayalam script)
• ᠰᡠᢒᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘳𑘢𑘿𑘝 (Modi script)
• ᠰᠤᢒᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧔𑧂𑧠𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑐸𑐥𑑂𑐟 (Newa script)
• ସୁପ୍ତ (Odia script)
• ꢱꢸꢦ꣄ꢡ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑆶𑆥𑇀𑆠 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖲𑖢𑖿𑖝 (Siddham script)
• සුප‍්ත (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁𑩒𑩰 𑪙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚰𑚞𑚶𑚙 (Takri script)
• ஸுப்த (Tamil script)
• సుప్త (Telugu script)
• สุปฺต (Thai script)
• སུ་པྟ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑒳𑒣𑓂𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑨃𑨞𑩇𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *suptás, from Proto-Indo-European *sup-tó-s, from *swep- (“to sleep”). Cognate with Middle Persian hwptk (xuftag) (whence Persian خفته (xofte, “asleep, dormant”)), Parthian [script needed] (xuft, “asleep”), Gilaki خفت (xuft), Sogdian [script needed] (՚wβṭyy), Pashto ويده (widë, “asleep”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sup.tɐ́/, [sup̚.tɐ́]
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪up.t̪ɐ/, [ˈs̪up̚.t̪ɐ]

Adjective

सुप्त • (suptá) stem

1. asleep, fallen asleep
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā) 34.1:

     यज्जाग्रतो दूरमुदैति दैवं तदु सुप्तस्य तथैवैति ।
     दूरंगमं ज्योतिषां ज्योतिरेकं तन्मे मनः शिवसंकल्पमस्तु ॥

     yajjāgrato dūramudaiti daivaṃ tadu suptasya tathaivaiti.
     dūraṃgamaṃ jyotiṣāṃ jyotirekaṃ tanme manaḥ śivasaṃkalpamastu.

     That which is divine and mounts far when man is waking, and which returns to him when he is asleep,
     The one light among the many lights that goeth to a distance, may that mind of mine, be moved by the right intention.

2. resting, inactive, dull, latent
3. (in compounds) paralysed, numbed

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सुप्त (suptá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सुप्तः suptáḥ	सुप्तौ / सुप्ता¹ suptaú / suptā́¹	सुप्ताः / सुप्तासः¹ suptā́ḥ / suptā́saḥ¹
Vocative	सुप्त súpta	सुप्तौ / सुप्ता¹ súptau / súptā¹	सुप्ताः / सुप्तासः¹ súptāḥ / súptāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सुप्तम् suptám	सुप्तौ / सुप्ता¹ suptaú / suptā́¹	सुप्तान् suptā́n
Instrumental	सुप्तेन supténa	सुप्ताभ्याम् suptā́bhyām	सुप्तैः / सुप्तेभिः¹ suptaíḥ / suptébhiḥ¹
Dative	सुप्ताय suptā́ya	सुप्ताभ्याम् suptā́bhyām	सुप्तेभ्यः suptébhyaḥ
Ablative	सुप्तात् suptā́t	सुप्ताभ्याम् suptā́bhyām	सुप्तेभ्यः suptébhyaḥ
Genitive	सुप्तस्य suptásya	सुप्तयोः suptáyoḥ	सुप्तानाम् suptā́nām
Locative	सुप्ते supté	सुप्तयोः suptáyoḥ	सुप्तेषु suptéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of सुप्ता (suptā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सुप्ता suptā́	सुप्ते supté	सुप्ताः suptā́ḥ
Vocative	सुप्ते súpte	सुप्ते súpte	सुप्ताः súptāḥ
Accusative	सुप्ताम् suptā́m	सुप्ते supté	सुप्ताः suptā́ḥ
Instrumental	सुप्तया / सुप्ता¹ suptáyā / suptā́¹	सुप्ताभ्याम् suptā́bhyām	सुप्ताभिः suptā́bhiḥ
Dative	सुप्तायै suptā́yai	सुप्ताभ्याम् suptā́bhyām	सुप्ताभ्यः suptā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	सुप्तायाः / सुप्तायै² suptā́yāḥ / suptā́yai²	सुप्ताभ्याम् suptā́bhyām	सुप्ताभ्यः suptā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	सुप्तायाः / सुप्तायै² suptā́yāḥ / suptā́yai²	सुप्तयोः suptáyoḥ	सुप्तानाम् suptā́nām
Locative	सुप्तायाम् suptā́yām	सुप्तयोः suptáyoḥ	सुप्तासु suptā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of सुप्त (suptá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सुप्तम् suptám	सुप्ते supté	सुप्तानि / सुप्ता¹ suptā́ni / suptā́¹
Vocative	सुप्त súpta	सुप्ते súpte	सुप्तानि / सुप्ता¹ súptāni / súptā¹
Accusative	सुप्तम् suptám	सुप्ते supté	सुप्तानि / सुप्ता¹ suptā́ni / suptā́¹
Instrumental	सुप्तेन supténa	सुप्ताभ्याम् suptā́bhyām	सुप्तैः / सुप्तेभिः¹ suptaíḥ / suptébhiḥ¹
Dative	सुप्ताय suptā́ya	सुप्ताभ्याम् suptā́bhyām	सुप्तेभ्यः suptébhyaḥ
Ablative	सुप्तात् suptā́t	सुप्ताभ्याम् suptā́bhyām	सुप्तेभ्यः suptébhyaḥ
Genitive	सुप्तस्य suptásya	सुप्तयोः suptáyoḥ	सुप्तानाम् suptā́nām
Locative	सुप्ते supté	सुप्तयोः suptáyoḥ	सुप्तेषु suptéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• सुषुप्त (súṣupta)

Related terms

• स्वप्न (svapna)
• स्वपति (svapati)

Descendants

• Pali: sutta
• Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (sutta)
  • Hindi: सूतना (sūtnā, “to sleep”, verb)
  • Old Marwari: सुतो (suto, “asleep”)
  • Romani: suto (“asleep”)
  • Sindhi: suto (“asleep”)

    Arabic script: سُتو

    Devanagari script: सुतो

• → Kannada: ಸುಪ್ತ (supta)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “सुप्त”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1230.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “सुप्त”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan