ถูก
Thai edit
Pronunciation edit
Orthographic/Phonemic | ถูก tʰ ū k | |
Romanization | Paiboon | tùuk |
Royal Institute | thuk | |
(standard) IPA(key) | /tʰuːk̚˨˩/(R) |
Etymology 1 edit
Compare Middle Chinese 觸 (MC tsyhowk, “to touch; to come in contact with”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨳᩪᨠ, Isan ถืก, Lao ຖືກ (thư̄k), Lü ᦏᦳᧅᧈ (ṫhuk¹), Khün ᨳᩪᨠ, Shan ထုၵ်ႇ (thùk), Tai Nüa ᥗᥧᥐᥴ (thúk), Ahom 𑜌𑜤𑜀𑜫 (thuk).
Adjective edit
ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun ความถูก)
Antonyms edit
- ผิด (pìt)
Derived terms edit
- ถูกต้อง (tùuk-dtɔ̂ng)
Verb edit
ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun การถูก)
Usage notes edit
The passive voice marker ถูก (tùuk) is only used when the target of the action undergoes something unfavourable. Examples:
- ถูกข่มขืน
- tùuk kòm-kʉ̌ʉn
- to be raped
- ถูกด่า
- tùuk dàa
- to be spoken ill of
- ถูกทิ้ง
- tùuk tíng
- to be dumped (e.g. by a boyfriend)
- ถูกฆ่า
- tùuk kâa
- to be killed
- ถูกเก็บ
- tùuk gèp
- to be assassinated
- ถูกตบ
- tùuk dtòp
- to be slapped (e.g. in the face)
In some cases, the marker ถูก (tùuk) and a less formal marker, โดน (doon), can be used interchangeably.
If the target does not undergo an unfavourable situation, the marker ได้รับ(dâai ráp) is used.
These markers can sometimes be omitted.
Etymology 2 edit
Cognate with Northern Thai ᨳᩪᨠ, Isan ถืก, Lao ຖືກ (thư̄k), Lü ᦏᦳᧅᧈ (ṫhuk¹), Khün ᨳᩪᨠ, Nong Zhuang tuk.
Adjective edit
ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun ความถูก)
Antonyms edit
- แพง (pɛɛng)