ถูก

See also: ถัก

Thai

Pronunciation

Orthographic/Phonemic		ถูก tʰ ū k
Romanization	Paiboon	tùuk
	Royal Institute	thuk
(standard) IPA(key)		/tʰuːk̚˨˩/(R)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Tai *C̬.tɯːkᴰ (“to come into contact”). Compare Middle Chinese 觸 (MC tsyhowk, “to touch; to come in contact with”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨳᩪᨠ, Isan ถืก, Lao ຖືກ (thư̄k), Lü ᦏᦳᧅᧈ (ṫhuk¹), Khün ᨳᩪᨠ, Shan ထုၵ်ႇ (thùk), Tai Nüa ᥗᥧᥐᥴ (thúk), Ahom 𑜌𑜤𑜀𑜫 (thuk).

Adjective

ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun ความถูก)

1. accurate; precise
2. appropriate; proper; suitable
3. conformable
4. correct; lawful; rightful

Antonyms

correct

• ผิด (pìt)

Derived terms

• ถูกต้อง (tùuk-dtɔ̂ng)

Verb

ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun การถูก)

1. (auxiliary) used as a passive voice marker
2. to touch or be touched
3. to match; to fit together

Usage notes

The passive voice marker ถูก (tùuk) is only used when the target of the action undergoes something unfavourable. Examples:

• ถูกข่มขืน

  tùuk kòm-kʉ̌ʉn

  to be raped

• ถูกด่า

  tùuk dàa

  to be spoken ill of

• ถูกทิ้ง

  tùuk tíng

  to be dumped (e.g. by a boyfriend)

• ถูกฆ่า

  tùuk kâa

  to be killed

• ถูกเก็บ

  tùuk gèp

  to be assassinated

• ถูกตบ

  tùuk dtòp

  to be slapped (e.g. in the face)

In some cases, the marker ถูก (tùuk) and a less formal marker, โดน (doon), can be used interchangeably.

If the target does not undergo an unfavourable situation, the marker ได้รับ(dâai ráp) is used.

These markers can sometimes be omitted.

Etymology 2

Cognate with Southern Thai ทู๊ก, Isan ถืก, Lao ຖືກ (thư̄k), Northern Thai ᨳᩪᨠ, Khün ᨳᩪᨠ, Lü ᦏᦳᧅᧈ (ṫhuk¹), Tai Dam ꪖꪴꪀ, Shan ထုၵ်ႇ (thùk), Nong Zhuang tuk.

Adjective

ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun ความถูก)

1. cheap; inexpensive

Antonyms

• แพง (pɛɛng)