อุปถัมภ์
Thai edit
Etymology edit
From Pali upatthambha (“support, prop; relief, ease; encouragement”), from Sanskrit उपस्तम्भ (upastambha, “stay, support, strengthening; encouragement, incitement; base, basis, ground, occasion; etc”); equivalent to Thai อุป (ùp) + ถัมภ์. Cognate with Khmer ឧបត្ថម្ភ (ʼupattham), Lao ອຸບປະຖັມ (ʼup pa tham).
Pronunciation edit
| Orthographic | อุปถัมภ์ ɒ u p tʰ ạ m bʰ ʻ | ||
| Phonemic | อุ-ปะ-ถำ ɒ u – p a – tʰ å | อุบ-ปะ-ถำ ɒ u ɓ – p a – tʰ å | |
| Romanization | Paiboon | ù-bpà-tǎm | ùp-bpà-tǎm |
| Royal Institute | u-pa-tham | up-pa-tham | |
| (standard) IPA(key) | /ʔu˨˩.pa˨˩.tʰam˩˩˦/(R) | /ʔup̚˨˩.pa˨˩.tʰam˩˩˦/(R) | |
Noun edit
อุปถัมภ์ • (ù-bpà-tǎm)
Verb edit
อุปถัมภ์ • (ù-bpà-tǎm) (abstract noun การอุปถัมภ์ or ความอุปถัมภ์)