卒塔婆
Japanese edit
Etymology 1 edit
| Kanji in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 卒 | 塔 | 婆 |
| そつ > そ Grade: 4 |
とう Grade: S |
ば Grade: S |
| irregular | on’yomi | goon |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 率塔婆 窣堵婆 |
From Middle Chinese 卒塔婆 (MC tswit|tshwot|tswot thap ba), in turn a transliteration of Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa, “heap, mound, relic-shrine, summit”).[1][2][3][4]
The length of the medial /-o-/ vowel has apparently varied somewhat over time. First cited to a text from 850, with the spelling 窣堵婆 (sotoba?).[1] The short-"o" reading sotoba appears to be more common in modern usage.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
卒塔婆 • (sotōba) ←そたふば (sotafuba)?
- [from 850] (Buddhism) stupa (structure housing Buddhist relics), dagoba
- [from 1028] (Buddhism) wooden grave tablet
Etymology 2 edit
| Kanji in this term | ||
|---|---|---|
| 卒 | 塔 | 婆 |
| そつ > そ Grade: 4 |
とう > と Grade: S |
ば Grade: S |
| irregular | goon | |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 卒塔婆 率塔婆 卒都婆 率都婆 |
Possibly a sound shift from sotōba. Then again, the length of the medial /-o-/ vowel has apparently varied somewhat over time. First cited to a text from 850, with the spelling 窣堵婆 (sotoba?).[1] The short-"o" reading sotoba appears to be more common in modern usage.
Pronunciation edit
- (Tokyo) そとば [sòtóꜜbà] (Nakadaka – [2])[2][5][6]
- (Tokyo) そとば [sòtóbá] (Heiban – [0])[2][5][6]
- IPA(key): [so̞to̞ba̠]
Noun edit
- [from 850] (Buddhism) stupa (structure housing Buddhist relics), dagoba
- [from 1028] (Buddhism) wooden grave tablet
Derived terms edit
See also edit
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “卒都婆・卒塔婆・率都婆”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ “卒塔婆”, in デジタル大辞泉[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN