See also: , , and
U+5352, 卒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5352

[U+5351]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5353]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 24, +6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜人人十 (YOOJ), four-corner 00408, composition 𠅃)

Derived characters edit

Descendants edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 156, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2740
  • Dae Jaweon: page 356, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 63, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5352

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
2nd round simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
               

There were 5 forms of in Shang oracle bone script (Qiu, 1990; Xuan, 2012):

  1.  : same as (“clothes”) (> Western Zhou bronze script  );
  2.  : a crisscross - a completed clothing;
  3.   (): ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (“clothes”) with a mark - a completed clothing to be folded (> Warring States bronze script  ; Chu slip and silk script  );
  4.   (𧙻): phono-semantic compound (形聲形声): (“clothes”) + (OC *b·lud) (hand () holding a brush);
  5.  , : 𧙻 having omitted.

The brush shape in form (5) was often placed upside down. Later the inverted brush shape was mistaken as and then moved to the top as in Chu slip and silk script   (𰠄) to avoid obscuration with ( + ) (Xuan, 2012).

Etymology 1 edit

From (OC *ʔsluː, “to meet”) + nominal suffix *-t (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation edit



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡su³⁵/
Harbin /t͡su²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡su⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡su⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡su⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡su⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡sou²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡su¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡su⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡su⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡səu²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡su³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕiu²¹/
Kunming /t͡su³¹/
Nanjing /t͡suʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡suəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡suəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕyʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡suəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡səʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡soʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕyʔ²¹/
/t͡ɕyeʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡sən²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡səu²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡səi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sɨʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sut̚¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sut̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡søt̚⁵/
Nanning /t͡syt̚⁵⁵/
/t͡sɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡søt̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sut̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡souʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡so²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡suk̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tut̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 3/3
Initial () (13)
Final () (56)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter tswot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡suət̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡suot̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡suət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡swət̚/
Li
Rong
/t͡suət̚/
Wang
Li
/t͡suət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡suət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zyut3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ tswot ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ts]ˁut/
English soldier

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3
No. 17955
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ʔsuːd/

Definitions edit

  1. soldier
  2. servant
  3. (xiangqi) pawn; private; soldier (on the black side)
Synonyms edit
Coordinate terms edit

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (そつ) (sotsu)
  • Korean: 졸(卒) (jol)
  • Vietnamese: tốt ()

Etymology 2 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from ST *(t/d)u-n/t? Related to 瘁/悴, 酋, 傮, 造, 秋?”)

Pronunciation edit



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡su³⁵/
Harbin /t͡su²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡su⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡su⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡su⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡su⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡sou²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡su¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡su⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡su⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡səu²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡su³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕiu²¹/
Kunming /t͡su³¹/
Nanjing /t͡suʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡suəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡suəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕyʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡suəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡səʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡soʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡sai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕyʔ²¹/
/t͡ɕyeʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡sən²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡səu²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡səi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sɨʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sut̚¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sut̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡søt̚⁵/
Nanning /t͡syt̚⁵⁵/
/t͡sɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡søt̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sut̚³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡souʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡so²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡suk̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tut̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3
Initial () (13)
Final () (52)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tswit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡siuɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡sʷit̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sjuet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡swit̚/
Li
Rong
/t͡siuĕt̚/
Wang
Li
/t͡sĭuĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡si̯uĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
ju
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zeot1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ tswit ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ts]ut/
English finish, die

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 3/3
No. 17964
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ʔsud/
Notes

Definitions edit

  1. to finish
  2. to pass away; to die
    19921992  ―  yú 1992 nián  ―  die in 1992
  3. at last; finally

Compounds edit

Etymology 3 edit

Pronunciation edit



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3
Initial () (14)
Final () (56)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter tshwot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡sʰuət̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡sʰuot̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sʰuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡sʰwət̚/
Li
Rong
/t͡sʰuət̚/
Wang
Li
/t͡sʰuət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡sʰuət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
cu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
cyut3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/3
No. 17959
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sʰuːd/

Definitions edit

  1. Alternative form of (, hurried; suddenly)

Compounds edit

Etymology 4 edit

Pronunciation edit


Definitions edit

  1. Alternative form of (cuì)

References edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Compounds edit


Kanji in this term
そつ
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

(そつ) (sotsu

  1. low-ranking soldier
  2. Short for 卒業.
  3. Short for 卒族.
  4. Short for 卒去.

References edit

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle Chinese (MC tswot, “soldier”).

Historical readings

Pronunciation edit

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 군사 (gunsa jol))

  1. Hanja form? of (soldier).

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Middle Chinese (MC tswit, “finish”).

Historical readings

Pronunciation edit

Hanja edit

(eumhun 마칠 (machil jol))

  1. Hanja form? of (to finish).
  2. Hanja form? of (to pass away; to die).

Compounds edit

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Nôm readings: tốt, chốt, tuất

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.