問う
Japanese
editKanji in this term |
---|
問 |
と Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
Etymology
edit⟨to1pu⟩ → */tʷopu/ → /toɸu/ → /tou/
From Old Japanese.
Pronunciation
edit- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「問う」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
問う | とう | [tóꜜù] |
Imperative (命令形) | 問え | とえ | [tóꜜè] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 問われる | とわれる | [tòwáréꜜrù] |
Causative | 問わせる | とわせる | [tòwáséꜜrù] |
Potential | 問える | とえる | [tòéꜜrù] |
Volitional | 問おう | とおー | [tòóꜜò] |
Negative | 問わない | とわない | [tòwáꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | 問わなかった | とわなかった | [tòwáꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | 問います | といます | [tòímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 問うた | とーた | [tóꜜòtà] |
Conjunctive | 問うて | とーて | [tóꜜòtè] |
Hypothetical conditional | 問えば | とえば | [tóꜜèbà] |
Verb
edit問う • (tou) ←とふ (tofu)?transitive godan (stem 問い (toi), past 問うた (tōta))
Conjugation
editThe past and conjunctive forms are conjugated as 問うた (tōta) and 問うて (toute) respectively, rather than 問った (totta) and 問って (totte)
Conjugation of "問う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 問わ | とわ | towa |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 問い | とい | toi |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 問う | とう | tou |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 問う | とう | tou |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 問え | とえ | toe |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 問え | とえ | toe |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 問われる | とわれる | towareru |
Causative | 問わせる 問わす |
とわせる とわす |
towaseru towasu |
Potential | 問える | とえる | toeru |
Volitional | 問おう | とおう | toō |
Negative | 問わない | とわない | towanai |
Negative continuative | 問わず | とわず | towazu |
Formal | 問います | といます | toimasu |
Perfective | 問うた | とうた | touta |
Conjunctive | 問うて | とうて | toute |
Hypothetical conditional | 問えば | とえば | toeba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 問は | とは | tofa |
Continuative (連用形) | 問ひ | とひ | tofi |
Terminal (終止形) | 問ふ | とふ | tofu |
Attributive (連体形) | 問ふ | とふ | tofu |
Realis (已然形) | 問へ | とへ | tofe |
Imperative (命令形) | 問へ | とへ | tofe |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 問はず | とはず | tofazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 問へど | とへど | tofedo |
Causal conjunction | 問へば | とへば | tofeba |
Conditional conjunction | 問はば | とはば | tofaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 問ひき | とひき | tofiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 問ひけり | とひけり | tofikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 問ひつ | とひつ | tofitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 問ひぬ | とひぬ | tofinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 問へり 問ひたり |
とへり とひたり |
toferi tofitari |
Volitional | 問はむ | とはむ | tofamu |
Derived terms
editIdioms
edit- 洋の東西を問わず (yō no tōzai o towazu)
References
edit- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 問 read as と
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -u
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji