揖讓

Chinese

		greet (by raising the joined hands)	to ask; to let; permit to ask; to let; permit; have (someone do something); to yield; to allow
trad. (揖讓)		揖	讓
simp. (揖让)		揖	让

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yīràng

  (Zhuyin): ㄧ ㄖㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jap¹ joeng⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yīràng
    • Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄖㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yiràng
    • Wade–Giles: i¹-jang⁴
    • Yale: yī-ràng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iranq
    • Palladius: ижан (ižan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jap¹ joeng⁶
    • Yale: yāp yeuhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jap⁷ joeng⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeb¹ yêng⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐp̚⁵ jœːŋ²²/

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• Middle Chinese: 'jip nyangH

Rime
Character	揖	讓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	侵 (141)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	伊入切	人樣切
Baxter	'jip	nyangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiɪp̚/	/ȵɨɐŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔip̚/	/ȵiɐŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔjep̚/	/ȵʑiɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔip̚/	/ȵɨaŋH/
Li Rong	/ʔiəp̚/	/ȵiaŋH/
Wang Li	/ĭĕp̚/	/ȵʑĭaŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯əp̚/	/ȵʑi̯aŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yi	ràng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jap1	joeng6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qip  naŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qib  njaŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	揖	讓
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yī	ràng
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjip ›	‹ nyangH ›
Old Chinese	/*qip/	/*naŋ-s/
English	bow (v.), salute	yield
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	揖	讓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10170	13649
Phonetic component	咠	襄
Rime group	緝	陽
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	揖	讓
Old Chinese	/*qib/	/*njaŋs/

Verb

揖讓

1. to salute and give way (according to the proper courtesy of meeting each other)
2. (figurative) to display courtesy; to fulfil what is demanded by propriety