桔梗

Chinese

		tangerine; Platycodon grandiflorus	stem
simp. and trad. (桔梗)		桔	梗

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桔梗

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiégěng

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄍㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): git³ gang² / gat¹ gang²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiat-kēng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiégěng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄍㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiégěng
  - Wade–Giles: chieh²-kêng³
  - Yale: jyé-gěng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyegeeng
  - Palladius: цзегэн (czegɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ kɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: git³ gang² / gat¹ gang²
  - Yale: git gáng / gāt gáng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: git⁸ gang² / gat⁷ gang²
  - Guangdong Romanization: gid³ geng² / ged¹ geng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːt̚³ kɐŋ³⁵/, /kɐt̚⁵ kɐŋ³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-kēng
  - Tâi-lô: kiat-kīng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiatkeng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiɪŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪŋ³³/

Middle Chinese: ket kaengX

Rime
Character	桔	梗
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	屑 (87)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	II
Fanqie	古屑切	古杏切
Baxter	ket	kaengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ket̚/	/kˠæŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ket̚/	/kᵚaŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kɛt̚/	/kaŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɛt̚/	/kaɨjŋ^X/
Li Rong	/ket̚/	/kɐŋ^X/
Wang Li	/kiet̚/	/kɐŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kiet̚/	/kɐŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jie	gěng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	git³	gang²

Noun

桔梗

(traditional Chinese medicine) The root of the balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorus).

Japanese

Commons

Wikimedia Commons has related media at:

Platycodon grandiflorus

桔梗 (kikyō): the Chinese bellflower

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
桔	梗
き Jinmeiyō	きょう Grade: S
yutōyomi

桔梗 on Japanese Wikipedia

Platycodon grandiflorus on Wikipedia

/kikjau/ → /kikjɔː/ → /kikjoː/

From Middle Chinese 桔梗 (ket̚ kˠæŋ^X). Compare modern Cantonese reading git³ gang².

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ききょー [kìkyóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [kʲi̥kʲo̞ː]

Noun

桔(き)梗(きょう) or 桔梗(キキョウ) • (kikyō) ^{←ききやう (kikyau)^?}

platycodon or Chinese bellflower, Platycodon grandiflorus
Synonym: 朝顔 (asagao)

Hypernym: 秋の七草

Coordinate terms: 萩, 尾花, 葛, 撫子, 女郎花, 藤袴, 桔梗

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as キキョウ.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
桔	梗
きち Jinmeiyō	こう Grade: S
on'yomi

/kitikau/ → /kit͡ɕikɔː/ → /kit͡ɕikoː/

From Middle Chinese 桔梗 (ket̚ kˠæŋ^X), using alternate kanji readings.^[1]

This reading is less common than kikyō above, and may be obsolete.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kʲit͡ɕiko̞ː]

Noun

桔(きち)梗(こう) • (kichikō)

(possibly obsolete) platycodon or Chinese bellflower, Platycodon grandiflorus

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
桔	梗

Noun

桔梗 • (gilgyeong) (hangeul 길경)

^{The template Template:ko-hanja form of does not use the parameter(s): t=balloon flower
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}hanja form^? of 길경

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

[2]