煉獄

See also: 炼狱

Chinese

		refine; smelt	prison
trad. (煉獄)		煉	獄
simp. (炼狱)		炼	狱

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): liànyù

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˋ ㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lin⁶ juk⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lien-ngiu̍k
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): liān-ge̍k / liān-ga̍k

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: liànyù
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˋ ㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: liànyù
    • Wade–Giles: lien⁴-yü⁴
    • Yale: lyàn-yù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liannyuh
    • Palladius: ляньюй (ljanʹjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: lin⁶ juk⁶
    • Yale: lihn yuhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lin⁶ juk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: lin⁶ yug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːn²² jʊk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lien-ngiu̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: lien ngiug
    • Hagfa Pinyim: lian⁴ ngiug⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /li̯en⁵⁵ ŋi̯uk̚⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liān-ge̍k
    • Tâi-lô: liān-gi̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liexn'gek
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn³³⁻²¹ ɡiɪk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɛn³³⁻¹¹ ɡiɪk̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liān-ga̍k
    • Tâi-lô: liān-ga̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liexn'gak
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɛn³³⁻¹¹ ɡak̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn³³⁻²¹ ɡak̚⁴/

Noun

煉獄

1. (theology, Roman Catholicism) purgatory
2. (figurative) abyss of misery

Japanese

Kanji in this term
煉	獄
れん Jinmeiyō	ごく Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

煉 (ren, “to refine”) +‎ 獄 (goku, “prison”)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) れんごく [rèńgókú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɾẽ̞ŋɡo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

煉(れん)獄(ごく) • (rengoku) 

1. (theology) purgatory
   • 2003, Enrico Maxwell- page 76 in Chapter 42 ("Aubird Force") of Hellsing volume 6

     まるで煉獄(れんごく)。

     Maru de rengoku.

     Just like purgatory.

Korean

Hanja in this term
煉	獄

Noun

煉獄 • (yeonok or McCune-Reischauer: yŏnok or Yale: yēn.ok) (hangeul 연옥)

1. Hanja form^? of 연옥 (“purgatory”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
煉	獄

Noun

煉獄

1. chữ Hán form of luyện ngục (“purgatory”).