ren

See also: Ren, rén, Rén, rěn, rèn, rền, and REN

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɹɛn/
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Latin ren. Doublet of rein (“kidney”).

Noun

ren (plural renes)

1. (anatomy) A kidney.

Related terms

• renal

Translations

a kidney — see kidney

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Egyptian rn,

Noun

ren (plural rens)

1. (Egyptian mythology) One’s name, as part of the soul in ancient Egyptian mythology.
   • 1983, Norman Mailer, Ancient Evenings:

     For the Ren did not belong to the man, but came out of the Celestial Waters to enter an infant in the hour of his birth and might not stir again until it was time to go back.

Anagrams

• -ern, -ner-, Ern, NRE, RNE, ern, ner

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Albanian

Alternative forms

• rên, rêu, rêj, rê (Gheg)
• re (Standard Albanian)

Etymology

The Tosk (Çamërisht, Arbëreshë/Arvanite) and also Old Albanian form of Standard Albanian re (“cloud, clouds”).

Noun

ren f

1. cloud(s)
2. haze, mist
3. overcast

Related terms

• re f
• rij, ritë
• vrenjt
• vrenjtur
• vrëndë f
• vranësi f
• rend
• përrua m, përrue m
• përrenj m, përronj m

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Catalan

Etymology

From French renne.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /ˈrən/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /ˈrɛn/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈren/

Noun

ren m (plural rens)

1. reindeer

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Chuukese

Preposition

ren

1. with (third person singular)

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Cimbrian

Verb

ren

1. to speak
2. to talk

References

• Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

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Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /reːˀn/, [ˈʁæˀn]

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hreinn m, from Proto-Germanic *hrainaz, cognate with Norwegian rein, Swedish ren, Old English hrān.

Noun

ren c (singular definite renen, plural indefinite rener)

1. reindeer

   Synonym: rensdyr

Declension

Declension of ren

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ren	renen	rener	renerne
genitive	rens	renens	reners	renernes

Derived terms

• rensdyr

References

• “ren,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 2

From Old Norse rein f, from Proto-Germanic *rainō, cognate with Norwegian rein, Swedish ren, German Rain (English rean is from Old Norse).

Noun

ren c (singular definite renen, plural indefinite rene or rener)

1. (rare) a strip of unplowed land serving as a boundary between estates

   Synonym: agerren

Declension

Declension of ren

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ren	renen	rene rener	renene renerne
genitive	rens	renens	renes reners	renenes renernes

Derived terms

• agerren

References

• “ren,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

Etymology 3

From Old Norse hreinn (“clean”), from Proto-Germanic *hrainiz, cognate with Norwegian rein, Swedish ren, German rein, Gothic 𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (hrains).

Adjective

ren (neuter rent, plural and definite singular attributive rene)

1. clean (without dirt)
2. pure, mere, sheer (without any added elements)
3. pure (morally)

Inflection

Inflection of ren
	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Common singular	ren	renere	renest2
Neuter singular	rent	renere	renest2
Plural	rene	renere	renest2
Definite attributive1	rene	renere	reneste
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Derived terms

• renavl
• rendyrke
• renfærdig
• rengøre
• renhed
• renhjertet
• renholde
• renlig
• renlivet
• rense
• renskrive
• renskuret
• renskære
• renvaske

 

References

• “ren,3” in Den Danske Ordbog

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɛn/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ren
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch rinne, renne.

Noun

ren f (plural rennen, diminutive rennetje n)

1. A run; an enclosed area where small or mid-sized livestock such as poultry are kept.

Derived terms

• hoenderren
• kippenren
• konijnenren
• varkensren

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

ren

1. first-person singular present indicative of rennen
2. imperative of rennen

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Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese ren, from Latin rēs nāta, neutral plural of rēs nātum, Latin no things.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈreŋ/

Pronoun

ren

1. (now literary) nothing

   Synonym: nada

   Synonym: todo

References

• “ren” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2012.
• “ren” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2016.
• “ren” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “ren” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.

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Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French rein (“kidney”)

Noun

ren

1. kidney

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Interlingua

Noun

ren (plural renes)

1. kidney

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Japanese

Romanization

ren

1. Rōmaji transcription of れん

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Latin

Alternative forms

• rien

Etymology

Uncertain. Several etymologies proposed:

• From Proto-Italic *hrēn, cognate with Ancient Greek φρήν (phrḗn, “heart, midriff, mind”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrḗn (“an internal part of the body”).
• Earlier *srēn, cognate with Old Prussian straunay, Lithuanian strė́nos, srė́nos f pl (“loins”), Latvian striena (“loins”) and Avestan 𐬭𐬁𐬥𐬀-‎ (rāna-, “thigh”), from Proto-Indo-European *srḗn (“hip, loins”). Further disputed connection with Ancient Greek ῥάχις (rhákhis, “spine, chine”).
• Cognate with Tocharian A āriñc, Tocharian B arañce (“heart”) and Hittite 𒄩𒄩𒊑 (ḫa-ḫa-ri- /ḫaḫri-/, “lungs ~ midriff ?”) (exact meaning uncertain), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂-ri-, *h₂eh₂-r-en- (“an internal organ”). Compare also Old Irish áru and Welsh aren (“kidney”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /reːn/, [reːn]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ren/, [rɛn]

Noun

rēn m (genitive rēnis); third declension

1. (chiefly in the plural) kidney

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rēn	rēnēs
Genitive	rēnis	rēnum
Dative	rēnī	rēnibus
Accusative	rēnem	rēnēs
Ablative	rēne	rēnibus
Vocative	rēn	rēnēs

Derived terms

• rēnālis
• rēniculus
• rēnunculus

Descendants

• Eastern Romance:
  • Romanian: rână
• Interlingua: ren
• Italian: rene
• Navarro-Aragonese:
  • ⇒ Aragonese: renera
• Old French: rein, rain
  • Middle French: rein
    • French: rein
  • Norman: rein
  • Walloon: rino, rno, rin
  • → English: rein
• Old Occitan:
  • Occitan: ren
• Old Portuguese: rẽes (from the plural)
  • Galician: rens, res (from the plural)
  • Portuguese: rim
• Old Spanish:
  • Spanish: rene
• Sardinian: arrene, rene
• Sicilian: rini
• Venetian: reno
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *rēnile
  • Old Portuguese: *rẽil
    • Galician: ril, rinle
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *rēniō (see there for further descendants)
• → Gheg Albanian: rrâni
• → English: ren (learned)

Further reading

• “ren”, in Charlton T[homas] Lewis; Charles [Lancaster] Short (1879) […] A New Latin Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.; Cincinnati, Ohio; Chicago, Ill.: American Book Company; Oxford: Clarendon Press.
• “ren”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ren in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• ren in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

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Mandarin

Romanization

ren

1. Nonstandard spelling of rén.
2. Nonstandard spelling of rěn.
3. Nonstandard spelling of rèn.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

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Manx

Verb

ren

1. past of jean

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Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• rein (Nynorsk also)

Etymology

From Old Norse hreinn

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /reːn/, [ɾeːn]

Adjective

ren (neuter singular rent, definite singular and plural rene, comparative renere, indefinite superlative renest, definite superlative reneste)

1. clean
2. pure

Antonyms

• uren

Derived terms

• gullende ren
• rengjøre
• renhet
• renhold
• renholder

 

References

• “ren” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Occitan

Etymology 1

from Latin rēnes < rēn, from Proto-Italic *hrēn, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰren- (“an internal part of the body”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ren/

• (file)

Noun

ren m (plural rens)

1. (anatomy) kidney

Synonyms

• lomb
• ronhon

Dialectal variants

• arnelh (Gascon)

Etymology 2

From Latin rem, accusative of rēs (“thing”). Compare Catalan res (“nothing”), French rien (“nothing”).

Pronoun

ren

1. (Provençal, Limousin) nothing

Dialectal variants

• res
• arren

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Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɛŋ/

Noun

ren m

1. kidney

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɛn/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛn
• Syllabification: ren
• Homophone: Ren

Etymology 1

Borrowed from North Germanic; compare Norwegian Bokmål rein, Swedish ren.

Noun

ren m anim

1. reindeer (Arctic and Subarctic-dwelling deer)

   Synonym: renifer

Declension

Declension of ren

	singular	plural
nominative	ren	reny
genitive	rena	renów
dative	renowi	renom
accusative	rena	reny
instrumental	renem	renami
locative	renie	renach
vocative	renie	reny

Related terms

adjective

• reniferowy

 

noun

• renifer

 

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin rhenium.

Noun

Chemical element
Re
Previous: wolfram (W)
Next: osm (Os)

ren m inan

1. rhenium

Declension

Declension of ren

	singular
nominative	ren
genitive	renu
dative	renowi
accusative	ren
instrumental	renem
locative	renie
vocative	renie

Further reading

• ren in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• ren in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Romanian

Un ren

Etymology

From French renne, from Swedish ren, from Old Norse hreinn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ren/

Noun

ren m (plural reni)

1. reindeer

Declension

Declension of ren

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) ren	renul	(niște) reni	renii
genitive/dative	(unui) ren	renului	(unor) reni	renilor
vocative	renule		renilor

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *xrěnъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rên/

Noun

rȅn m (Cyrillic spelling ре̏н)

1. horseradish

Declension

Declension of ren

	singular
nominative	rȅn
genitive	rèna
dative	renu
accusative	ren
vocative	rene
locative	renu
instrumental	renom

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Swedish

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Norse hreinn (noun).

Noun

ren c

1. reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)

Declension

Declension of ren
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	ren	renen	renar	renarna
Genitive	rens	renens	renars	renarnas

Hyponyms

• härk c
• renko c
• rentjur c
• sarv c
• vaja c

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hreinn (“clean”), from Proto-Germanic *hrainiz.

Adjective

ren (comparative renare, superlative renast)

1. clean; not dirty
2. pure

Declension

Inflection of ren
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative2
Common singular	ren	renare	renast
Neuter singular	rent	renare	renast
Plural	rena	renare	renast
Masculine plural3	rene	renare	renast
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular1	rene	renare	renaste
All	rena	renare	renaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic

Antonyms

• oren
• smutsig

Anagrams

• ner

Further reading

• ren in Svensk ordbok.

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Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English rain.

Noun

ren

1. rain
   • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:5:

     ...i no gat diwai na gras samting i kamap long graun yet, long wanem, em i no salim ren i kam daun yet. Na i no gat man bilong wokim gaden.

     →New International Version translation

This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. Tok Pisin is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

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Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zɛn˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʐɛŋ˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ɹɛŋ˧˧]

Noun

ren • (蓮, 𨕡)

1. threading

Verb

ren • (蓮, 𨕡)

1. to thread; lace; weave

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Wolof

Noun

ren

1. last year

References

Omar Ka (2018) Nanu Dégg Wolof, National African Language Resource Center, →ISBN, page 155

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Wutunhua

Etymology

From Mandarin 人.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɻə̃]

Noun

ren

1. person

References

• Erika Sandman (2016) A Grammar of Wutun‎^[1], University of Helsinki (PhD), →ISBN