羊羹
Chinese edit
Etymology 1 edit
| caprid | soup | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (羊羹) | 羊 | 羹 | |
| simp. #(羊羹) | 羊 | 羹 | |
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
羊羹
Synonyms edit
Etymology 2 edit
| caprid | soup | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (羊羹) | 羊 | 羹 | |
| simp. #(羊羹) | 羊 | 羹 | |
| alternative forms | 洋羹 | ||
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 羊羹 (yōkan), in turn from Chinese.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
羊羹
Synonyms edit
Dialectal synonyms of 羊羹 (“yokan”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 羊羹 | |
| Mandarin | Taiwan | 羊羹 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 羊羹 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 羊羹 |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 羊羹 | |
| Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 羊羹 | |
| Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 羊羹 | |
| Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 羊羹 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 羊羹 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 羊羹 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 羊羹 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 羊羹 | |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 羊羹, 菜燕糖 |
| New Taipei (Pingxi) | 羊羹 | |
| Kaohsiung | 羊羹, 菜燕糖 | |
| Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 羊羹 | |
| Yilan (Toucheng) | 羊羹 | |
| Tainan (Anping) | 羊羹 | |
| Penghu (Xiyu) | 羊羹 | |
Etymology 3 edit
| caprid | soup | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (羊羹) | 羊 | 羹 | |
| simp. #(羊羹) | 羊 | 羹 | |
| alternative forms | 洋羹 | ||
From Japanese 羊羹 (yōkan), in turn from Chinese.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
羊羹
Synonyms edit
Dialectal synonyms of 羊羹 (“yokan”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 羊羹 | |
| Mandarin | Taiwan | 羊羹 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 羊羹 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 羊羹 |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 羊羹 | |
| Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 羊羹 | |
| Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 羊羹 | |
| Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 羊羹 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 羊羹 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 羊羹 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 羊羹 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 羊羹 | |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 羊羹, 菜燕糖 |
| New Taipei (Pingxi) | 羊羹 | |
| Kaohsiung | 羊羹, 菜燕糖 | |
| Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 羊羹 | |
| Yilan (Toucheng) | 羊羹 | |
| Tainan (Anping) | 羊羹 | |
| Penghu (Xiyu) | 羊羹 | |
References edit
Japanese edit
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 羊 | 羹 |
| よう Grade: 3 |
かん Hyōgaiji |
| on’yomi | |
Etymology edit
/yaukan/ → /yɔːkan/ → /yoːkan/
Originally from Middle Chinese compound 羊羹 (yang kæng, literally “sheep + soup, broth”). The gelatin meaning arose from the way that sheep meat or other parts would be boiled down to produce gelatin.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- (obsolete) a gelatin made from boiled sheep and used in soups
- yokan, a thick jellied dessert made of adzuki (red bean paste), agar, and sugar
- 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 823:
- Yôcan. ヤゥカン (羊羹) 豆に粗糖をまぜて,こねたもので作った食物.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
- 水羊羹 (mizu yōkan)
- 練り羊羹 (neri yōkan)
- 羊羹紙 (yōkan kami)
- 羊羹色 (yōkan iro): the color of yokan
- 蒸し羊羹 (mushi yōkan): steamed yokan
Descendants edit
- → Cantonese: 羊羹 (joeng4 gang1)
- → English: yokan, youkan
- → Hakka: 羊羹 (yòng-kâng, yô-kháng)
- → Korean: 양갱(羊羹) (yanggaeng), 요캉 (yokang)
- → Mandarin: 羊羹 (yánggēng)
- → Min Nan: 羊羹 (iő-káng, io-kàng)
References edit
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.