腺

腺 U+817A, 腺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-817A ← 腹 [U+8179] CJK Unified Ideographs 腻 → [U+817B]

Translingual

Han character

腺 (radical 130, 肉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月竹日水 (BHAE), four-corner 7623₂, composition ⿰⺼泉)

Further reading

• KangXi: not present, would follow page 990, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29746
• Dae Jaweon: page 1442, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2097, character 5
• Unihan data for U+817A

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Chinese

trad.		腺
simp. #		腺

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 腺(せん) (sen).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sin³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sien
• Min Nan (POJ): sòaⁿ / siàn / sàn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
    • Wade–Giles: hsien4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕjɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sin³
    • Yale: sin
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sin³
    • Guangdong Romanization: xin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːn³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sien
    • Hakka Romanization System: xien
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xian⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕi̯en⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sòaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: suànn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svoax
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /suã²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /suã¹¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /suã⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siàn
    • Tâi-lô: siàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siexn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɛn⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /ɕiɛn²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕiɛn¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sàn
    • Tâi-lô: sàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: saxn
    • IPA (Taipei): /san¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /san²¹/

Note:

• siàn - literary;
• sòaⁿ - vernacular.

Definitions

腺

1. (anatomy) gland

Compounds

• 乳腺 (rǔxiàn)
• 乳腺炎 (rǔxiànyán)
• 內分泌腺／内分泌腺
• 前列腺 (qiánlièxiàn)
• 前庭大腺 (qiántíngdàxiàn, “Bartholin's gland”)
• 前庭小腺 (qiántíngxiǎoxiàn, “Skene's gland”)
• 唾液腺 (tuòyèxiàn)
• 唾腺 (tuòxiàn)
• 外分泌腺
• 尿道球腺 (niàodàoqiúxiàn, “bulbourethral gland”)
• 性腺 (xìngxiàn)
• 扁桃腺 (biǎntáoxiàn, “tonsil”)
• 扁桃腺炎 (biǎntáoxiàn yán)
• 攝護腺／摄护腺 (shèhùxiàn)
• 毒腺 (dúxiàn)
• 汗腺 (hànxiàn)

• 消化腺 (xiāohuàxiàn)
• 淋巴腺
• 淚腺／泪腺 (lèixiàn)
• 無管腺／无管腺
• 生殖腺 (shēngzhíxiàn)
• 甲狀腺／甲状腺 (jiǎzhuàngxiàn)
• 甲狀腺素／甲状腺素 (jiǎzhuàngxiànsù)
• 甲狀腺腫／甲状腺肿 (jiǎzhuàngxiànzhǒng)
• 皮脂腺 (pízhīxiàn)
• 瞼腺炎／睑腺炎
• 耳下腺 (ěrxiàxiàn)
• 耵聹腺／耵聍腺 (tīngníngxiàn)
• 胃腺 (wèixiàn)
• 胸腺 (xiōngxiàn)
• 脂肪腺
• 腎上腺／肾上腺 (shènshàngxiàn)

• 腎上腺素／肾上腺素 (shènshàngxiànsù)
• 腦上腺／脑上腺
• 腦下腺／脑下腺
• 腮腺 (sāixiàn)
• 腮腺炎 (sāixiànyán)
• 腸腺／肠腺
• 腺嘌呤 (xiànpiàolìng, “adenine”)
• 腺病毒 (xiànbìngdú)
• 腺細胞／腺细胞
• 腺體／腺体 (xiàntǐ, “gland”)
• 臭腺
• 舌下腺 (shéxiàxiàn)
• 蜜腺
• 頜下腺／颌下腺 (héxiàxiàn)
• 頷下腺／颔下腺
• 顎下腺／颚下腺

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Japanese

Glyph origin

A 国字 (kokuji, “Japanese-coined character”) coined by Japanese rangaku scholar Udagawa Genshin in the late 1700s–early 1800s as a translation for Dutch klier (“gland”), as an ideogrammic compound (會意): ⺼ (“flesh; body”) + 泉 (“spring; fountain; source; producer of liquid”), together expressing the idea “part of the body that produces liquid secretions”.

Kanji

腺

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. gland

Readings

• Kan’yō-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)

Compounds

Compounds

• 腺状(せんじょう) (senjō): glandular
• 甲状腺(こうじょうせん) (kōjōsen): thyroid gland
• 管状腺(かんじょうせん) (kanjōsen): tubular gland
• 涙腺(るいせん) (ruisen): lacrimal gland
• 耳下腺(じかせん) (jikasen): parotid gland
• 顎下腺(がっかせん) (gakkasen): submaxillary gland
• 舌下腺(ぜっかせん) (zekkasen): sublingual gland
• 唾液腺(だえきせん) (daekisen): salivary gland
• 扁桃腺(へんとうせん) (hentōsen): tonsil

• 前立腺(ぜんりつせん) (zenritsusen): prostate gland
• 尿道球腺(にょうどうきゅうせん) (nyōdōkyūsen): bulbourethral gland
• カウパー腺(せん) (kaupāsen): bulbourethral gland
• スキーン腺(せん) (sukīnsen): Skene's gland
• 小前庭腺(しょうぜんていせん) (shōzenteisen): Skene's gland
• 傍尿道腺(ぼうにょうどうせん) (bōnyōdōsen): Skene's gland
• バルトリン腺(せん) (barutorinsen): Bartholin's gland
• 大前庭腺(だいぜんていせん) (daizenteisen): Bartholin's gland
• 汗腺(かんせん) (kansen): sweat gland
• 皮脂腺(ひしせん) (hishisen): sebaceous gland
• 性腺(せいせん) (seisen): sex gland
• 毒腺(どくせん) (dokusen): venom gland

Etymology

Kanji in this term
腺
せん Grade: S
kan’yōon

See Glyph origin above. The reading sen is based on the kan'on of the 泉 base.

Pronunciation

• Kan’yōyomi
• (Tokyo) せ​ん [séꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [sẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

腺(せん) • (sen) 

1. (anatomy) gland

Descendants

• → Chinese: 腺
• → Korean: 선(腺) (seon)
• → Vietnamese: tuyến

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Korean

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 腺(せん) (sen).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰʌ̹n]
• Phonetic hangeul: [선]

Hanja

Wikisource

腺 (eumhun 샘 선 (saem seon))

1. Hanja form^? of 선 (“(anatomy) gland”).

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

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Vietnamese

Han character

腺: Hán Việt readings: tuyến

1. gland