鍛鍊
Chinese
editforge; wrought; to discipline | refine | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (鍛鍊/鍛煉) | 鍛 | 鍊/煉 | |
simp. (锻炼) | 锻 | 炼 |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): dyun3 lin6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thon-lien
- Eastern Min (BUC): duáng-liêng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5toe-li
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄌㄧㄢˋ → ㄉㄨㄢˋ ˙ㄌㄧㄢ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: duànliån
- Wade–Giles: tuan4-lien5
- Yale: dwàn-lyan
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duann.liann
- Palladius: дуаньлянь (duanʹljanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tu̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯ɛn⁵¹/ → /tu̯än⁵¹ li̯ɛn¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: дуанлян (duanli͡an, III-III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tuæ̃⁴⁴ liæ̃⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: dyun3 lin6
- Yale: dyun lihn
- Cantonese Pinyin: dyn3 lin6
- Guangdong Romanization: dün3 lin6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tyːn³³ liːn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thon-lien
- Hakka Romanization System: ton lien
- Hagfa Pinyim: ton4 lian4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰon⁵⁵ li̯en⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: duáng-liêng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tuaŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ (l-)nˡiɛŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thoàn-liān
- Tâi-lô: thuàn-liān
- Phofsit Daibuun: toarnlien
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰuan²¹⁻⁴¹ liɛn³³/
- IPA (Taipei): /tʰuan¹¹⁻⁵³ liɛn³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: duêng3 liêng7 / duang3 liang7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tuèng liēng / tuàng liāng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tueŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lieŋ¹¹/, /tuaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ liaŋ¹¹/
Note:
- duêng3 liêng7 - Chaozhou;
- duang3 liang7 - Shantou.
Verb
edit鍛鍊
Synonyms
editDescendants
editCategories:
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Mandarin words containing toneless variants
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Dungan verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 鍛
- Chinese terms spelled with 鍊
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Beginning Mandarin