잡다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 잡다 (Yale: capta).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕa̠p̚t͈a̠]

  • (file)

• Phonetic hangul: [잡따]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	japda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jabda
McCune–Reischauer?	chapta
Yale Romanization?	capta

Verb

잡다 • (japda) (infinitive 잡아, sequential 잡으니)

1. (transitive) to take, to hold, to grab, to seize, to arrest

   Antonyms: 놓다 (nota), 놓치다 (notchida)

2. (transitive) to catch, to seize

   Synonyms: 붙잡다 (butjapda), 붙들다 (butdeulda)

3. (transitive) to slaughter, to butcher, to kill (an animal)
4. (transitive) to occupy, to take up, to seize, to take
5. (transitive) to manage, to arrange, to reserve, to settle
6. (transitive) to extinguish

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 잡다 (japda): consonant-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	잡는다 jamneunda	잡아 jaba	잡아요 jabayo	잡습니다 japseumnida
	Past	잡았다 jabatda	잡았어 jabasseo	잡았어요 jabasseoyo	잡았습니다 jabatseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	잡느냐 jamneunya	잡아 jaba	잡아요 jabayo	잡습니까 japseumnikka
	Past	잡았느냐 jabanneunya	잡았어 jabasseo	잡았어요 jabasseoyo	잡았습니까 jabatseumnikka
Hortative		잡자 japja	잡아 jaba	잡아요 jabayo	잡으십시다 jabeusipsida
Imperative		잡아라 jabara	잡아 jaba	잡아요 jabayo	잡읍시오 jabeupsio
Assertive		잡겠다 japgetda	잡겠어 japgesseo	잡겠어요 japgesseoyo	잡겠습니다 japgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		잡아 jaba	잡아서 jabaseo	잡으니 jabeuni	잡으니까 jabeunikka
Contrast		잡지만 japjiman	잡는데 jamneunde	잡더니 japdeoni
Conjunction		잡고 japgo
Condition		잡으면 jabeumyeon	잡아야 jabaya
Motive		잡으려고 jabeuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		잡음 jabeum	잡기 japgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		잡았음 jabasseum	잡았기 jabatgi
Determiners	Past	잡은 jabeun
	Present	잡는 jamneun
	Future	잡을 jabeul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	잡으신다 jabeusinda	잡으셔 jabeusyeo	잡으세요, 잡으셔요 jabeuseyo, jabeusyeoyo	잡으십니다 jabeusimnida
	Past	잡으셨다 jabeusyeotda	잡으셨어 jabeusyeosseo	잡으셨어요 jabeusyeosseoyo	잡으셨습니다 jabeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	잡으시느냐 jabeusineunya	잡으셔 jabeusyeo	잡으세요, 잡으셔요 jabeuseyo, jabeusyeoyo	잡으십니까 jabeusimnikka
	Past	잡으셨느냐 jabeusyeonneunya	잡으셨어 jabeusyeosseo	잡으셨어요 jabeusyeosseoyo	잡으셨습니까 jabeusyeotseumnikka
Imperative		잡으시라 jabeusira	잡으셔 jabeusyeo	잡으세요 jabeuseyo	잡으십시오 jabeusipsio
Assertive		잡으시겠다 jabeusigetda	잡으시겠어 jabeusigesseo	잡으시겠어요 jabeusigesseoyo	잡으시겠습니다 jabeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		잡으셔 jabeusyeo	잡으셔서 jabeusyeoseo	잡으시니 jabeusini	잡으시니까 jabeusinikka
Contrast		잡으시지만 jabeusijiman	잡으시는데 jabeusineunde	잡으시더니 jabeusideoni
Conjunction		잡으시고 jabeusigo
Condition		잡으시면 jabeusimyeon	잡으셔야 jabeusyeoya
Motive		잡으시려고 jabeusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		잡으심 jabeusim	잡으시기 jabeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		잡으셨음 jabeusyeosseum	잡으셨기 jabeusyeotgi
Determiners	Past	잡으신 jabeusin
	Present	잡으시는 jabeusineun
	Future	잡으실 jabeusil

Derived terms

prefixes

• 잡아가다 (jabagada)
• 잡아가두다 (jabagaduda)
• 잡아끌다 (jabakkeulda)
• 잡아넣다 (jabaneota)
• 잡아놓다 (jabanota)
• 잡아당기다 (jabadanggida)
• 잡아두다 (jabaduda)
• 잡아매다 (jabamaeda)
• 잡아먹다 (jabameokda)
• 잡아오다 (jabaoda)
• 잡아채다 (jabachaeda)

suffixes

• 겉잡다 (geotjapda)
• 골라잡다 (gollajapda)
• 맞잡다 (matjapda)
• 바로잡다 (barojapda)
• 붙잡다 (butjapda)
• 손잡다 (sonjapda)
• 어림잡다 (eorimjapda)
• 자리잡다 (jarijapda)
• 주름잡다 (jureumjapda)
• 트집잡다 (teujipjapda)
• 흠잡다 (heumjapda)

See also

similar-sounding verbs

• 줍다 (jupda, “to pick up (what is dropped or scattered), to gather”)
• 접다 (jeopda, “to fold”)
• 쥐다 (jwida, “to grasp, to grip”)
• 집다 (jipda, “to pick up (selectively), to take up, to tong”)

similar semantics

• 사냥 (sanyang, “hunting, shooting”)
• 쫓다 (jjotda, “to chase”)
• 찾다 (chatda, “to search”)

References

Part or all of this entry has been imported from National Institute of Korean Language's Korean-English Learners' Dictionary, on which all materials are distributed and can be used according to the Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike License.