존재하다

Korean

Etymology

존재(存在) (jonjae) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞ɲd͡ʑɛɦa̠da̠] ~ [t͡ɕo̞ɲd͡ʑe̞ɦa̠da̠]
Phonetic hangul: [존재하다/존제하다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	jonjaehada
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	jonjaehada
McCune–Reischauer^?	chonjaehada
Yale Romanization^?	con.cayhata

Verb

존재하다 • (jonjaehada) (infinitive 존재해 or 존재하여, sequential 존재하니)

(intransitive) to exist
- 2018, Experts: Polio Could Again Spread Worldwide
  그러나, 그 와 다른 전문가 들 이 경고하는 바 는, 만약 소아마비 가 어디 에서 든 계속 존재한다면, 다시 한번 확산할 수 도 있 다는 것 이다.
  Geureona, geu-wa dareun jeonmun'ga-deur-i gyeonggo-haneun ba-neun, manyak soamabi-ga eodi-eseo-deun gyesok jonjae-handamyeon, dasi hanbeon hwaksan-hal su-do it-daneun geos-ida.
  But, he and other experts warn, if polio continues to exist anywhere, it could once again spread.

Conjugation

Selected forms of the verb 존재하다 (jonjaehada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	존재한다 jonjaehanda	존재해 jonjaehae	존재해요 jonjaehaeyo	존재합니다 jonjaehamnida
Indicative	Past	존재했다 jonjaehaetda	존재했어 jonjaehaesseo	존재했어요 jonjaehaesseoyo	존재했습니다 jonjaehaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	존재하느냐 jonjaehaneunya	존재해 jonjaehae	존재해요 jonjaehaeyo	존재합니까 jonjaehamnikka
Interrogative	Past	존재했느냐 jonjaehaenneunya	존재했어 jonjaehaesseo	존재했어요 jonjaehaesseoyo	존재했습니까 jonjaehaetseumnikka
Hortative		존재하자 jonjaehaja	존재해 jonjaehae	존재해요 jonjaehaeyo	존재하십시다 jonjaehasipsida
Imperative		존재해라, 존재하여라 jonjaehaera, jonjaehayeora	존재해 jonjaehae	존재해요 jonjaehaeyo	존재합시오 jonjaehapsio
Assertive		존재하겠다 jonjaehagetda	존재하겠어 jonjaehagesseo	존재하겠어요 jonjaehagesseoyo	존재하겠습니다 jonjaehagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		존재해 jonjaehae	존재해서, 존재하여서 jonjaehaeseo, jonjaehayeoseo	존재하니 jonjaehani	존재하니까 jonjaehanikka
Contrast		존재하지만 jonjaehajiman	존재하는데 jonjaehaneunde	존재하더니 jonjaehadeoni
Conjunction		존재하고 jonjaehago
Condition		존재하면 jonjaehamyeon	존재해야, 존재하여야 jonjaehaeya, jonjaehayeoya
Motive		존재하려고 jonjaeharyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		존재함 jonjaeham	존재하기 jonjaehagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		존재했음, 존재하였음 jonjaehaesseum, jonjaehayeosseum	존재했기, 존재하였기 jonjaehaetgi, jonjaehayeotgi
Determiners	Past	존재한 jonjaehan
	Present	존재하는 jonjaehaneun
	Future	존재할 jonjaehal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	존재하신다 jonjaehasinda	존재하셔 jonjaehasyeo	존재하세요, 존재하셔요 jonjaehaseyo, jonjaehasyeoyo	존재하십니다 jonjaehasimnida
Indicative	Past	존재하셨다 jonjaehasyeotda	존재하셨어 jonjaehasyeosseo	존재하셨어요 jonjaehasyeosseoyo	존재하셨습니다 jonjaehasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	존재하시느냐 jonjaehasineunya	존재하셔 jonjaehasyeo	존재하세요, 존재하셔요 jonjaehaseyo, jonjaehasyeoyo	존재하십니까 jonjaehasimnikka
Interrogative	Past	존재하셨느냐 jonjaehasyeonneunya	존재하셨어 jonjaehasyeosseo	존재하셨어요 jonjaehasyeosseoyo	존재하셨습니까 jonjaehasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		존재하시라 jonjaehasira	존재하셔 jonjaehasyeo	존재하세요 jonjaehaseyo	존재하십시오 jonjaehasipsio
Assertive		존재하시겠다 jonjaehasigetda	존재하시겠어 jonjaehasigesseo	존재하시겠어요 jonjaehasigesseoyo	존재하시겠습니다 jonjaehasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		존재하셔 jonjaehasyeo	존재하셔서 jonjaehasyeoseo	존재하시니 jonjaehasini	존재하시니까 jonjaehasinikka
Contrast		존재하시지만 jonjaehasijiman	존재하시는데 jonjaehasineunde	존재하시더니 jonjaehasideoni
Conjunction		존재하시고 jonjaehasigo
Condition		존재하시면 jonjaehasimyeon	존재하셔야 jonjaehasyeoya
Motive		존재하시려고 jonjaehasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		존재하심 jonjaehasim	존재하시기 jonjaehasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		존재하셨음 jonjaehasyeosseum	존재하셨기 jonjaehasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	존재하신 jonjaehasin
	Present	존재하시는 jonjaehasineun
	Future	존재하실 jonjaehasil