진하다

Korean

Etymology

진(津) (jin) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives). The hanja spelling is likely a borrowed sound; 津 normally has the meaning of ford rather than thick. Compare 짙다 (jitda).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕinɦa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [진하다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jinhada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jinhada
McCune–Reischauer?	chinhada
Yale Romanization?	cin.hata

Adjective

진하다 • (jinhada) (infinitive 진해 or 진하여, sequential 진하니)

1. (of a liquid) to be thick, to be strong, to be concentrated

   진한 커피 ― jin-han keopi ― strong coffee

2. (of colour) to be dark, to be deep, to be heavy

   Antonym: 연(軟)하다 (yeonhada)

   진한 갈색 ― jin-han galsaek ― dark brown (color)

   화장을 진하게 하다

   hwajang-eul jin-hage hada

   to wear heavy makeup

3. (of scent, emotions, etc.) to be strong

   꽃향기가 진하다.

   Kkothyanggi-ga jin-hada.

   The flowers smell strong.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 진하다 (jinhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	진하다 jinhada	진해 jinhae	진해요 jinhaeyo	진합니다 jinhamnida
	Past	진했다 jinhaetda	진했어 jinhaesseo	진했어요 jinhaesseoyo	진했습니다 jinhaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	진하냐 jinhanya	진해 jinhae	진해요 jinhaeyo	진합니까 jinhamnikka
	Past	진했냐 jinhaennya	진했어 jinhaesseo	진했어요 jinhaesseoyo	진했습니까 jinhaetseumnikka
Assertive		진하겠다 jinhagetda	진하겠어 jinhagesseo	진하겠어요 jinhagesseoyo	진하겠습니다 jinhagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		진해 jinhae	진해서, 진하여서 jinhaeseo, jinhayeoseo	진하니 jinhani	진하니까 jinhanikka
Contrast		진하지만 jinhajiman	진한데 jinhande	진하더니 jinhadeoni
Conjunction		진하고 jinhago
Condition		진하면 jinhamyeon	진해야, 진하여야 jinhaeya, jinhayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		진함 jinham	진하기 jinhagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		진했음, 진하였음 jinhaesseum, jinhayeosseum	진했기, 진하였기 jinhaetgi, jinhayeotgi
Determiners	Present		진한 jinhan
	Future		진할 jinhal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	진하시다 jinhasida	진하셔 jinhasyeo	진하세요, 진하셔요 jinhaseyo, jinhasyeoyo	진하십니다 jinhasimnida
	Past	진하셨다 jinhasyeotda	진하셨어 jinhasyeosseo	진하셨어요 jinhasyeosseoyo	진하셨습니다 jinhasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	진하시냐 jinhasinya	진하셔 jinhasyeo	진하세요, 진하셔요 jinhaseyo, jinhasyeoyo	진하십니까 jinhasimnikka
	Past	진하셨냐 jinhasyeonnya	진하셨어 jinhasyeosseo	진하셨어요 jinhasyeosseoyo	진하셨습니까 jinhasyeotseumnikka
Assertive		진하시겠다 jinhasigetda	진하시겠어 jinhasigesseo	진하시겠어요 jinhasigesseoyo	진하시겠습니다 jinhasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		진하셔 jinhasyeo	진하셔서 jinhasyeoseo	진하시니 jinhasini	진하시니까 jinhasinikka
Contrast		진하시지만 jinhasijiman	진하신데 jinhasinde	진하시더니 jinhasideoni
Conjunction		진하시고 jinhasigo
Condition		진하시면 jinhasimyeon	진하셔야 jinhasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		진하심 jinhasim	진하시기 jinhasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		진하셨음 jinhasyeosseum	진하셨기 jinhasyeotgi
Determiners	Present		진하신 jinhasin
	Future		진하실 jinhasil