𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *rauzą, of obscure origin. Cognate to Old High German rôr (whence German German Rohr) and close in formation to Old Norse reyrr (“reed”). Compare also English rush, which may be related.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɔːs/

Noun

𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃 • (raus) n

2. cane (plant with a simple and flexible stem, or the stem thereof)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 7.24:

     𐌰𐍄 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐌼 𐌹𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌴𐍃 𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌽 𐍂𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌳𐌿 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌼 𐌱𐌹 𐌹𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌴𐌽: 𐍈𐌰 𐌿𐍃𐌹𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌽? 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌳?

     at galeiþandam þan þaim airum iōhannēs dugann rōdjan du manageim bi iōhannēn: ƕa usiddjēduþ in auþida saiƕan? raus fram winda wagid?

     And when the messengers of John were departed, he began to speak unto the people concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness for to see? A reed shaken with the wind? (KJV).

3. cane (stem of such a plant adapted for use as a tool)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Matthew (Codex Argenteus) 27.48:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌿𐍃 𐌹𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌽𐌰𐌼 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐍄𐌹𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌺𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌽𐌰.

     jah suns þragida ains us im jah nam swamm fulljands akētis, jah lagjands ana raus draggkida ina.

     And straightway one of them ran, and took a spunge, and filled it with vinegar, and put it on a reed, and gave him to drink. (KJV).

   1. cane (rod or stick used for corporal punishment)
      • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 15.19:

        𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌻𐍉𐌷𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌹𐍅𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌺𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰 𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐌰.

        jah slōhun is haubiþ rausa jah bispiwun ina jah lagjandans kniwa inwitun ina.

        And they smote him on the head with a reed, and did spit upon him, and bowing their knees worshipped him. (KJV).

Declension

Neuter a-stem
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃 raus	𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 rausa
Vocative	𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃 raus	𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 rausa
Accusative	𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃 raus	𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 rausa
Genitive	𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌹𐍃 rausis	𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌴 rausē
Dative	𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰 rausa	𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌼 rausam

Coordinate terms

• 𐌰𐌹𐍈𐌰𐍄𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹 (aiƕatundi, “bramble”)
• 𐌱𐌰𐌲𐌼𐍃 (bagms, “tree”)
• 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐍃 (gras, “blade, herb”)
• 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus, “thorn”)
• 𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (nardus, “nard”)
• 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌿 (weinatriu, “vine”)
• 𐍅𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌼 (wigadeinōm, “thistle”)

Further reading

• Kroonen, Guus (2013) “rauza”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 407
• Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) “R12. raus”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 282
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 932, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 932
• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 110