-ódik

See also: -odik, -ödik, and -ődik

Hungarian

Etymology

First attested in 1416. According to the most accepted view, its origin is the same as the -odik/-edik/-ödik suffix group with a lengthened initial vowel.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [oːdik]

Suffix

-ódik

(verb-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a new reflexive or passive intransitive verb.
‎zár (“to close, shut”) + ‎-ódik → ‎záródik (“to close, shut by itself”)

Usage notes

(verb-forming suffix) Variants:
-ódik is added to back-vowel words

-ődik is added to front-vowel words

Conjugation

conjugation of -ódik

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	-ódom or -ódok	-ódsz	-ódik	-ódunk	-ódtok	-ódnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	-ódtam	-ódtál	-ódott	-ódtunk	-ódtatok	-ódtak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -ódni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	-ódék or -ódám	-ódál	-óda or -ódék	-ódánk	-ódátok	-ódának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -ódik vala, -ódott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	-ódandok (or -ódandom)	-ódandasz (or -ódandol)	-ódand (or -ódandik*)	-ódandunk	-ódandotok	-ódandanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	-ódnék (or -ódnám)	-ódnál	-ódna (or -ódnék*)	-ódnánk	-ódnátok	-ódnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -ódott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	-ódjak or -ódjam	-ódj or -ódjál	-ódjon or -ódjék	-ódjunk	-ódjatok	-ódjanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -ódott légyen
Infinitive	-ódni		-ódnom	-ódnod	-ódnia	-ódnunk	-ódnotok	-ódniuk
Other forms	-ódás		-ódó	-ódott	―	-ódva (-ódván)

potential conjugation of -ódik

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	-ódhatok (or -ódhatom)	-ódhatsz (or -ódhatol)	-ódhat (or -ódhatik)	-ódhatunk	-ódhattok	-ódhatnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	-ódhattam	-ódhattál	-ódhatott	-ódhattunk	-ódhattatok	-ódhattak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	-ódhaték or -ódhatám	-ódhatál	-ódhata or -ódhaték	-ódhatánk	-ódhatátok	-ódhatának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. -ódhat vala, -ódhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	-ódhatandok or -ódandhatok (or -ódhatandom or -ódandhatom)	-ódhatandasz or -ódandhatsz (or -ódhatandol or -ódandhatol)	-ódhatand or -ódandhat (or -ódhatandik or -ódandhatik*)	-ódhatandunk or -ódandhatunk	-ódhatandotok or -ódandhattok	-ódhatandanak or -ódandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	-ódhatnék (or -ódhatnám)	-ódhatnál	-ódhatna (or -ódhatnék*)	-ódhatnánk	-ódhatnátok	-ódhatnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -ódhatott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	-ódhassak (or -ódhassam)	-ódhass or -ódhassál	-ódhasson (or -ódhassék)	-ódhassunk	-ódhassatok	-ódhassanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -ódhatott légyen
Inf.	(-ódhatni)		(-ódhatnom)	(-ódhatnod)	(-ódhatnia)	(-ódhatnunk)	(-ódhatnotok)	(-ódhatniuk)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(-ódhatva / -ódhatván)

Derived terms

Hungarian verbs suffixed with -ódik

References

^ -ódik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

[1] -ódik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

[1]