-odik
HungarianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
-od (verb-forming suffix) + -ik (reflexive suffix)[1]
SuffixEdit
-odik
- (verb-forming suffix) Appended to a noun, adjective, or verb to form a verb.
- hajnal (“dawn”) + -odik → hajnalodik (“to dawn”)
- világos (“light”) + -odik → világosodik (“to become light”)
Usage notesEdit
- (verb-forming suffix) Harmonic variants:
ConjugationEdit
conjugation of -odik
| 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -odom or -odok |
-odsz | -odik | -odunk | -odtok | -odnak |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | |||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indef. | -odtam | -odtál | -odott | -odtunk | -odtatok | -odtak | |
| Def. | ― | |||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -odnék | -odnál | -odna | -odnánk | -odnátok | -odnának |
| Def. | ― | |||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -odjak or -odjam |
-odj or -odjál |
-odjon | -odjunk | -odjatok | -odjanak |
| Def. | ― | |||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
| Infinitive | -odni | -odnom | -odnod | -odnia | -odnunk | -odnotok | -odniuk | |
| Other nonfinite verb forms |
Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
| -odás | -odó | -odott | ― | -odva | -odhat | |||
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
SuffixEdit
-odik
- (numeral-forming suffix) -th. Appended to a cardinal number to form an ordinal number.
Usage notesEdit
- (numeral-forming suffix) It can be used with all cardinal numbers except egy (“one”) and kettő (“two”). Harmonic variants:
DeclensionEdit
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -odik | -odikok |
| accusative | -odikot | -odikokat |
| dative | -odiknak | -odikoknak |
| instrumental | -odikkal | -odikokkal |
| causal-final | -odikért | -odikokért |
| translative | -odikká | -odikokká |
| terminative | -odikig | -odikokig |
| essive-formal | -odikként | -odikokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | -odikban | -odikokban |
| superessive | -odikon | -odikokon |
| adessive | -odiknál | -odikoknál |
| illative | -odikba | -odikokba |
| sublative | -odikra | -odikokra |
| allative | -odikhoz | -odikokhoz |
| elative | -odikból | -odikokból |
| delative | -odikról | -odikokról |
| ablative | -odiktól | -odikoktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
-odiké | -odikoké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
-odikéi | -odikokéi |
or
| Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -odik | -odikak |
| accusative | -odikat | -odikakat |
| dative | -odiknak | -odikaknak |
| instrumental | -odikkal | -odikakkal |
| causal-final | -odikért | -odikakért |
| translative | -odikká | -odikakká |
| terminative | -odikig | -odikakig |
| essive-formal | -odikként | -odikakként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | -odikban | -odikakban |
| superessive | -odikon | -odikakon |
| adessive | -odiknál | -odikaknál |
| illative | -odikba | -odikakba |
| sublative | -odikra | -odikakra |
| allative | -odikhoz | -odikakhoz |
| elative | -odikból | -odikakból |
| delative | -odikról | -odikakról |
| ablative | -odiktól | -odikaktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
-odiké | -odikaké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
-odikéi | -odikakéi |
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ -odik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)