Appendix:Romanian nouns/Neuter
Neuter nouns function as if they were masculine in the singular, and feminine in the plural.
Take, for example, the noun "lucru" and the adjective "bun".
- a good thing – un lucru bun (masculine singular adjective)
- some good things – niște lucruri bune (feminine plural adjective)
Nominative/Accusative case
editIndefinite/Base forms
editSingular
editNeuter nouns generally end in consonants, -u, -e or -i. Masculine can also end in all of these, so to differentiate, see the following.
Neuter nouns ending in consonants will usually end in:
- m (-ism),
- t (-ment, -mânt, -ut) or
- j (-aj)
Masculine nouns ending in consonants will generally end in:
- r (-or, -tor, -ar, -er)
- c (-ic),
- t (-ist),
- n (-an, -ean, -ân) or
- z (-ez)
Plurals
editNeuter nouns are not as easy to form into plurals as masculine nouns. The only two endings whose plural forms are always the same are -iu and -e, although there are a few -iu nouns with the irregular plural ending -ie.
singular | plural |
---|---|
-consonant + -uri | |
un loc_ | două locuri |
un pat_ | două paturi |
-consonant + -e | |
un apartament_ | două apartamente |
un spirit_ | două spirite |
-u + -ri | |
un lucru_ | două lucruri |
un birou_ | două birouri |
-u changes to -e | |
un muzeu | două muzee |
un teatru | două teatre |
-iu changes to -ii | |
un fotoliu | două fotolii |
un mileniu | două milenii |
-i + -e | |
un tramvai_ | două tramvaie |
-i + -uri | |
un taxi_ | două taxiuri |
-e has no change | |
un nume | două nume |
un spate | două spate |
A few exceptions:
- cap (head), plural capete
- ou (egg), plural ouă
- burghiu (drill), plural burghie
- seminar (seminar), plural seminarii
- sicriu (coffin), plural sicrie
With the definite article
editSingular
editsingular indefinite | singular definite |
---|---|
If the noun ends in a consonant or i, add -ul | |
dicționar_ | dicționarul |
tramvai_ | tramvaiul |
If the noun ends in a u, add -l | |
lucru_ | lucrul |
teatru_ | teatrul |
If the noun ends in e, add -le | |
nume_ | numele |
spate_ | spatele |
Plural
editForming the definite article for neuter nouns in the plural is very simple, and identical to the rule for feminine nouns. Simply take the plural form of the noun and add -le
indefinite plural | definite plural |
---|---|
lucruri_ | lucrurile |
paturi_ | paturile |
teatre_ | teatrele |
nume_ | numele |
Genitive/Dative case
editWith the indefinite article
editSingular
editWith the indefinite article in the singular, "un" simply changes to "unui". There is no change in the noun itself.
indefinite nom/acc singular | indefinite gen/dat singular |
---|---|
un lucru | unui lucru |
Plural
editAs with the singular, "niște" (some) changes to "unor". Again, the noun takes no change in form.
indefinite nom/acc plural | indefinite gen/dat plural |
---|---|
niște lucruri | unor lucruri |
With the definite article
editSingular
editdefinite nom/acc singular | definite gen/dat singular |
---|---|
For most nouns, you simply add ui to the definite nom/acc singular | |
lucrul_ | lucrului |
dicționarul_ | dicționarului |
If the noun ends in e, the e is replaced by ui | |
numele_ | numelui |
Plural
editTo form the genitive/dative plural of neuter nouns, simply add -lor to the plural form of the word.
definite nom/acc plural | definite gen/dat plural |
---|---|
lucruri_ | lucrurilor |
numele_ | numelor |
Examples
editsingular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
gender n | indefinite article | definite article | indefinite article | definite article |
Nom/Acc | un lucru | lucrul | niște lucruri | lucrurile |
Gen/Dat | unui lucru | lucrului | unor lucruri | lucrurilor |
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
gender n | indefinite article | definite article | indefinite article | definite article |
Nom/Acc | un nume | numele | niște nume | numele |
Gen/Dat | unui nume | numelui | unor nume | numelor |
substantiv - noun
editsingular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
gender n | indefinite article | definite article | indefinite article | definite article |
Nom/Acc | un substantiv | substantivul | niște substantive | substantivele |
Gen/Dat | unui substantiv | substantivului | unor substantive | substantivelor |