Appendix:Romanian nouns/Feminine
Feminine nouns are relatively complex in the Romanian language.
Nominative/Accusative case
editIndefinite/Base forms
editSingular
editFeminine nouns are generally easy to spot. They almost always end in vowels.
Plurals
editLike neuter nouns, feminine nouns are not always as easy to form into plurals as masculine nouns.
singular | plural |
---|---|
-ă changes to -e | |
o studentă | două studente |
o casă | două case |
-ă changes to -i | |
o mașină | două mașini |
o seară | două seri |
-ă changes to -uri | |
o marfă | două mărfuri |
o blană | două blănuri |
-e changes to -i* | |
o lume | două lumi |
o noapte | două nopți |
-vowel+ie changes to -vowel+i | |
o cheie | două chei |
o foaie | două foi |
-consonant+ie changes to -consonant+ii | |
o bucătărie | două bucătării |
-a + -le | |
o sofa_ | două sofale |
-ea changes to -ele | |
o stea | două stele |
o cafea | două cafele |
-ia changes to -iele | |
o mia | două miele |
-i does not change | |
o marți | două marți |
* For feminine nouns designating people that end in -toare, there is no change to form the plural. o scriitoare - două scriitoare.
A few exceptions:
- soră (sister), plural surori
- noră (daughter-in-law), plural nurori
- zi (day), plural zile
- mână (hand), plural mâini
With the definite article
editSingular
editsingular indefinite | singular definite |
---|---|
-ă changes to -a | |
studentă | studenta |
mașină | mașina |
-e + -a | |
lege_ | legea |
mare_ | marea |
-ie changes to -ia | |
femeie | femeia |
cheie | cheia |
-a, -ea, -i + -ua | |
pijama_ | pijamaua |
cafea_ | cafeaua |
zi_ | ziua |
Plural
editForming the definite article for feminine nouns in the plural is very simple. Simply take the plural form of the noun and add -le
indefinite plural | definite plural |
---|---|
femei_ | femeile |
zile_ | zilele |
chei_ | cheile |
mame_ | mamele |
Genitive/Dative case
editWith the indefinite article
editSingular
editWith the indefinite article in the singular, "o" changes to "unei," and the plural form of the noun is used.
indefinite nom/acc singular | indefinite gen/dat singular |
---|---|
o femeie | unei femei |
o zi | unei zile |
o memorie | unei memorii |
Plural
edit"Niște" (some) changes to "unor". The noun is still plural in form.
indefinite nom/acc plural | indefinite gen/dat plural |
---|---|
niște memorii | unor memorii |
niște femei | unor femei |
With the definite article
editSingular
editindefinite nom/acc plural | definite gen/dat singular |
---|---|
For most nouns, you simply add i to the indefinite nom/acc plural | |
legi_ | legii |
stele_ | stelei |
femei_ | femeii |
If the plural form of the noun ends in ii, the final i is replaced by ei. Basically, i is being added to the indefinite singular nom/acc form. | |
memorii | memoriei |
organizație_ | organizației |
Plural
editTo form the genitive/dative plural of neuter nouns, simply add -lor to the plural form of the word.
definite nom/acc plural | definite gen/dat plural |
---|---|
femei_ | femeilor |
stele_ | stelelor |
organizații_ | organizațiilor |
legi_ | legilor |
Examples
editsingular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
gender f | indefinite article | definite article | indefinite article | definite article |
Nom/Acc | o prietenă | prietena | niște prietene | prietenele |
Gen/Dat | unei prietene | prietenei | unor prietene | prietenelor |
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
gender f | indefinite article | definite article | indefinite article | definite article |
Nom/Acc | o stea | steaua | niște stele | stelele |
Gen/Dat | unei stele | stelei | unor stele | stelelor |
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
gender f | indefinite article | definite article | indefinite article | definite article |
Nom/Acc | o memorie | memoria | niște memorii | memoriile |
Gen/Dat | unei memorii | memoriei | unor memorii | memoriilor |