Pompeii

See also: Pompei

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Pompeii, from Oscan 𐌐𐌖𐌌𐌐𐌄 (pumpe, “five”), a reference to its five districts. Doublet of cinque, five, pimp (“five”), ponzu, and punch (“beverage”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /pɒmˈpeɪ(i)/
• (US) IPA^(key): /pɑːmˈpeɪ(i)/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Proper noun

Pompeii

1. A ruined Roman town in Italy, destroyed by Vesuvius (a volcano) in AD 79.
2. A city and commune in the Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy.

Derived terms

• Pompeiian, Pompeian

Translations

a historical city

• Afrikaans: Pompeii n, Pompeji n
• Arabic: بُومْبِي m (bumbī)
• Armenian: Պոմպեյ (Pompey)
• Catalan: Pompeia f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 龐貝／庞贝 (zh) (Pángbèi)

• Dutch: Pompeï n
• Esperanto: Pompejo
• Finnish: Pompeji
• French: Pompéi (fr) f
• Galician: Pompeia (gl) f
• German: Pompeji (de) n
• Greek: Πομπηία (el) f (Pompiía)
• Italian: Pompei f
• Japanese: ポンペイ (Ponpei)
• Latin: Pompeiī m
• Neapolitan: Pumpeje f
• Occitan: Pompéia f
• Polish: Pompeje (pl) nvir
• Portuguese: Pompeios f
• Russian: Помпе́и pl (Pompéi)
• Sicilian: Pumpei m
• Spanish: Pompeya f
• Swedish: Pompeji n

the commune in Campania

• Arabic: بومبي m (bumbī)
• Catalan: Pompeia f
• French: Pompéi (fr) f
• German: Pompei n, Pompeji (de) n
• Italian: Pompei f
• Japanese: ポンペイ (Ponpei)
• Latin: Pompeiī m
• Neapolitan: Pumpeje f
• Occitan: Pompéia f
• Polish: Pompeje (pl) nvir
• Sicilian: Pumpei m

Latin

Karl Bryullov's The Last Day of Pompeii (1830-3)

Jakob Philipp Hackert's The Excavations at Pompeii (1799)

Alternative forms

• Pompejī

Etymology

Borrowed from Oscan [Term?], from Oscan 𐌐𐌖𐌌𐌐𐌄 (pumpe, “five”) +‎ -eius. A reference to the city's five districts, from Proto-Italic *kʷenkʷe, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe. See also the gens name Pompeius and quīnque, the native word for “five”.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /pomˈpei̯.i̯iː/, [pɔmˈpɛi̯ːiː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /pomˈpe.ji/, [pomˈpɛːji]

Proper noun

Pompeiī m pl (genitive Pompeiōrum); second declension

1. Pompeii (a maritime city in the south of Campania, overwhelmed by an eruption of Vesuvius, A.D. 79)

Declension

Second-declension noun, with locative, plural only.

Case	Plural
Nominative	Pompeiī
Genitive	Pompeiōrum
Dative	Pompeiīs
Accusative	Pompeiōs
Ablative	Pompeiīs
Vocative	Pompeiī
Locative	Pompeiīs

Derived terms

• Pompeiānī m pl (“inhabitants of Pompeii”, noun)
• Pompeiānum n (“a villa of Cicero near Pompeii”, noun)
• Pompeiānus (“of, belonging to Pompeii”, adjective)

Related terms

• Pompeius

See also

• Campānia, Vesuvius

Proper noun

Pompeiī m

1. genitive singular of Pompeius

References

• “Pompeii”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press