Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaiho

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *kajša-w (“sickness”).

Noun

*kaiho

1. harm, damage, loss
2. sorrow, grief

Inflection

Inflection of *kaiho

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*kaiho	*kaihot
accusative		*kaihon	*kaihot
genitive		*kaihon	*kaihodën *kaihoidën
partitive		*kaihoda	*kaihoida
inessive		*kaihossa *kaihohna	*kaihoissa *kaihoihna
elative		*kaihosta	*kaihoista
illative		*kaihohën	*kaihoihën
adessive		*kaiholla	*kaihoilla
ablative		*kaiholta	*kaihoilta
allative		*kaiholën *kaiholëk	*kaihoilën *kaihoilëk
essive		*kaihona	*kaihoina
translative		*kaihoksi	*kaihoiksi
instructive		*kaihon	*kaihoin
comitative		*kaihonëk	*kaihoinëk
abessive		*kaihotta	*kaihoitta

Descendants

• Estonian: kahju
• Finnish: kaiho
• Ingrian: kaiho
  • → Votic: kaiho
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: kaiho
  • South Karelian: kaiho
• Livonian: ka’i, ⇒ ka’jtõ (“to harm, damage”)
  • → Latvian: kaitēt (“to harm, damage”)
• Võro: kaih

Further reading

• “kahju”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012