Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þurhw

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Likely from Pre-Germanic *tr̥h₂(h₃)kʷ-, a compound of Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- (“to cross”) + *h₃ekʷ- (“to see”). Others take the second element to be *-kʷe. In either event related to Sanskrit तिरस् (tiras, “through”), तिर्यञ्च् (tiryañc, “transverse, horizontal”), Latin trāns.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /θurxʷ/

Preposition

*þurhw

(+accusative) through

Related terms

*þerhw

Descendants

Old English: þurh, þuruh
- Middle English: thurgh, thurh, thruh
  - English: through, thorough
  - Scots: throuch, thorow
Old Frisian:
- Saterland Frisian: truch
- West Frisian: troch
Old Saxon: thurh
- Middle Low German:
  - German Low German: dörch, dör; dür (Paderbornisch); diör (Münsterländisch)
Old Dutch: thuro
- Middle Dutch: dōre
  - Dutch: door
    - Afrikaans: deur
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: doro
    - Jersey Dutch: dœr
    - Negerhollands: door
    - Petjo: door
    - Skepi Creole Dutch: door
    - Sranan Tongo: doro
      - Aukan: doo
      - Kwinti: doo, doro
      - Saramaccan: dóu
      - → Kari'na: dorome
    - → Caribbean Javanese: dhur, dhur-dhuran
    - → Papiamentu: dor
  - Limburgish: doear, doearch, dórch
  - West Flemish: deur
  - Zealandic: deu, deur, door
Old High German: duruh
- Middle High German: durch
  - German: durch
  - Yiddish: דורך (durkh)
    - → Hebrew: דוך (dukh)
  - Hunsrik: dorrich

References

Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN