Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aukaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwg-e-ti, from *h₂ewg- (“to increase”). Cognate with Latin augeō (“I augment”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑu̯.kɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*aukaną

1. to increase, to grow

Inflection

Conjugation of *aukaną (strong class 7b)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*aukō	*aukaų	—	*aukai	?
2nd singular	*aukizi	*aukaiz	*auk	*aukazai	*aukaizau
3rd singular	*aukidi	*aukai	*aukadau	*aukadai	*aukaidau
1st dual	*aukōz	*aukaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*aukadiz	*aukaidiz	*aukadiz	—	—
1st plural	*aukamaz	*aukaim	—	*aukandai	*aukaindau
2nd plural	*aukid	*aukaid	*aukid	*aukandai	*aukaindau
3rd plural	*aukandi	*aukain	*aukandau	*aukandai	*aukaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*eauk	*eaukį̄
2nd singular	*eauht	*eaukīz
3rd singular	*eauk	*eaukī
1st dual	*eaukū	*eaukīw
2nd dual	*eaukudiz	*eaukīdiz
1st plural	*eaukum	*eaukīm
2nd plural	*eaukud	*eaukīd
3rd plural	*eaukun	*eaukīn
	present	past
participles	*aukandz	*aukanaz

Related terms

• *auk
• *auknaną
• *aukōną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *aukan
  • Old English: ēacan
    • Middle English: eken
      • Scots: eik
      • English: eke
  • Old Frisian: āka
  • Old Saxon: ōkan
    • Old Saxon: ôken
  • Old Dutch: *ōkan
    • Middle Dutch: ôken
      • Dutch: oken
  • Old High German: ouhhan, ouchan (in derivatives)
• Old Norse: auka
  • Icelandic: auka
  • Faroese: eyka
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: auka
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: auke
  • Old Swedish: ø̄ka
    • Swedish: öka
  • Old Danish: økæ
    • Danish: øge
      • Norwegian Bokmål: øke
      • → Faroese: økja
    • Scanian: øga
  • Old Gutnish: auka
    • Gutnish: aukä
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (aukan)