Latin

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Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *augeō, from earlier *augejō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂owg-éye-ti, causative form of *h₂ewg-.

Cognates include Proto-Germanic *aukaną, Ancient Greek αὐξάνω (auxánō), Lithuanian áugti, and, via Iranian, Old Armenian վաշխ (vašx). Akin to English eke.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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augeō (present infinitive augēre, perfect active auxī, supine auctum); second conjugation

  1. to increase, augment, enlarge, spread, expand
    Synonyms: adiciō, multiplicō, incitō, accumulō, cumulō
    Antonyms: diminuō, minuō, dēminuō, imminuō, tenuō, premō, corripiō
  2. to lengthen
  3. to raise, strengthen
    Synonyms: ērigō, incendō
  4. to exaggerate
  5. to honor, enrich
    Synonym: honōrō
  6. (figuratively) to exalt, praise
    Synonyms: laudō, admīror, collaudō, mīrō, amplificō, suspiciō, praedicō, intueor

Conjugation

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   Conjugation of augeō (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present augeō augēs auget augēmus augētis augent
imperfect augēbam augēbās augēbat augēbāmus augēbātis augēbant
future augēbō augēbis augēbit augēbimus augēbitis augēbunt
perfect auxī auxistī auxit auximus auxistis auxērunt,
auxēre
pluperfect auxeram auxerās auxerat auxerāmus auxerātis auxerant
future perfect auxerō auxeris auxerit auxerimus auxeritis auxerint
sigmatic future1 auxō auxis auxit auximus auxitis auxint
passive present augeor augēris,
augēre
augētur augēmur augēminī augentur
imperfect augēbar augēbāris,
augēbāre
augēbātur augēbāmur augēbāminī augēbantur
future augēbor augēberis,
augēbere
augēbitur augēbimur augēbiminī augēbuntur
perfect auctus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect auctus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect auctus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present augeam augeās augeat augeāmus augeātis augeant
imperfect augērem augērēs augēret augērēmus augērētis augērent
perfect auxerim auxerīs auxerit auxerīmus auxerītis auxerint
pluperfect auxissem auxissēs auxisset auxissēmus auxissētis auxissent
sigmatic aorist1 auxim auxīs auxīt auxīmus auxītis auxint
passive present augear augeāris,
augeāre
augeātur augeāmur augeāminī augeantur
imperfect augērer augērēris,
augērēre
augērētur augērēmur augērēminī augērentur
perfect auctus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect auctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present augē augēte
future augētō augētō augētōte augentō
passive present augēre augēminī
future augētor augētor augentor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives augēre auxisse auctūrum esse augērī,
augērier2
auctum esse auctum īrī
participles augēns auctūrus auctus augendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
augendī augendō augendum augendō auctum auctū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").
2The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

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References

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  • augeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • augeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • augeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • his crowning happiness is produced by a thing; the culminating point of his felicity is..: aliquid felicitatem magno cumulo auget
    • to honour, show respect for, a person: aliquem honore afficere, augere, ornare, prosequi (vid. sect. VI. 11., note Prosequi...)
    • to enrich a person's knowledge: scientia augere aliquem
    • to lend lustre to a subject by one's description: dicendo augere, amplificare aliquid (opp. dicendo extenuare aliquid)
    • to increase a person's courage: animum alicui augere (B. G. 7. 70)
    • to aggrandise, extend the power of the state: rem publicam augere, amplificare