Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burgōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *burgaz (“promise, debt”) +‎ *-ōną. *burgaz is from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ- (“to protect”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbur.ɣɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*burgōną

1. to borrow
2. to take care (of), vouch for

Inflection

Conjugation of *burgōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*burgō	*burgǭ	—	*burgōi	?
2nd singular	*burgōsi	*burgōs	*burgō	*burgōsai	*burgōsau
3rd singular	*burgōþi	*burgō	*burgōþau	*burgōþai	*burgōþau
1st dual	*burgōs	*burgōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*burgōþiz	*burgōþiz	*burgōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*burgōmaz	*burgōm	—	*burgōnþai	*burgōnþau
2nd plural	*burgōþ	*burgōþ	*burgōþ	*burgōnþai	*burgōnþau
3rd plural	*burgōnþi	*burgōn	*burgōnþau	*burgōnþai	*burgōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*burgōdǭ	*burgōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*burgōdēz	*burgōdēdīz
3rd singular	*burgōdē	*burgōdēdī
1st dual	*burgōdēdū	*burgōdēdīw
2nd dual	*burgōdēdudiz	*burgōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*burgōdēdum	*burgōdēdīm
2nd plural	*burgōdēdud	*burgōdēdīd
3rd plural	*burgōdēdun	*burgōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*burgōndz	*burgōdaz

Alternative reconstructions

• *burgāną

Related terms

• *berganą
• *burgijaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *borgōn
  • Old English: borgian, borġian
    • Middle English: borȝien, borwen
      • English: borrow
  • Old Frisian: borgia
    • West Frisian: boargje
  • Old Saxon: *borgōn
    • Middle Low German: borgen
  • Old Dutch: *borgon
    • Middle Dutch: borgen
      • Dutch: borgen
  • Old High German: borgōn, borgēn
    • Middle High German: borgen
      • German: borgen
• Old Norse: borga
  • Old Swedish: borgha
    • Swedish: borga
  • Danish: borge