borgen
Danish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From borge (“to guarantee”) + -en. Compare Old Norse borgan.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
borgen c
Etymology 2 edit
See borg (“castle”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
borgen c
- definite singular of borg
- (slang) Christiansborg Palace (the Danish house of parliament)
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Dutch borgen. Equivalent to borg + -en.
Verb edit
borgen
- (transitive) to secure, to keep safe
- (transitive) to guarantee
- (transitive, office slang) to ensure the sustainability of a particular policy or procedure
- (transitive, now dialectal) to lend (especially of credit)
- Synonym: lenen
- (transitive, dated, dialectal) to borrow
- Synonym: lenen
Inflection edit
Inflection of borgen (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | borgen | |||
past singular | borgde | |||
past participle | geborgd | |||
infinitive | borgen | |||
gerund | borgen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | borg | borgde | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | borgt | borgde | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | borgt | borgde | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | borgt | borgde | ||
3rd person singular | borgt | borgde | ||
plural | borgen | borgden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | borge | borgde | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | borgen | borgden | ||
imperative sing. | borg | |||
imperative plur.1 | borgt | |||
participles | borgend | geborgd | ||
1) Archaic. |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
borgen
Verb edit
borgen
- inflection of bergen:
German edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Middle High German borgen, from Old High German borgēn, from Proto-West Germanic *borgōn.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
borgen (weak, third-person singular present borgt, past tense borgte, past participle geborgt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to borrow
- (transitive) to lend
Usage notes edit
- For the distinction between both senses see the notes at leihen. Borgen is generally interchangeable with the former, but is less frequent and slightly informal.
Conjugation edit
infinitive | borgen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | borgend | ||||
past participle | geborgt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich borge | wir borgen | i | ich borge | wir borgen |
du borgst | ihr borgt | du borgest | ihr borget | ||
er borgt | sie borgen | er borge | sie borgen | ||
preterite | ich borgte | wir borgten | ii | ich borgte1 | wir borgten1 |
du borgtest | ihr borgtet | du borgtest1 | ihr borgtet1 | ||
er borgte | sie borgten | er borgte1 | sie borgten1 | ||
imperative | borg (du) borge (du) |
borgt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
borgen m or f
Old High German edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *borgōn, from Proto-Germanic *burgōną; akin to Old English borġian.
Verb edit
borgēn
- to borrow
Conjugation edit
infinitive | borgēn | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | borgēm, borgēn | borgēta |
2nd person singular | borgēs, borgēst | borgētōs, borgētōst |
3rd person singular | borgēt | borgēta |
1st person plural | borgēm, borgēmēs | borgētum, borgētumēs |
2nd person plural | borgēt | borgētut |
3rd person plural | borgēnt | borgētun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | borge | borgēti |
2nd person singular | borgēs, borgēst | borgētīs, borgētīst |
3rd person singular | borge | borgēti |
1st person plural | borgēm, borgēmēs | borgētīm, borgētīmēs |
2nd person plural | borgēt | borgētīt |
3rd person plural | borgēn | borgētīn |
imperative | present | |
singular | borge | |
plural | borgēt | |
participle | present | past |
borgēnti | giborgēt |
Descendants edit
Swedish edit
Etymology 1 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
borgen
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Swedish borghæn, borghan, ultimately from the root of borga (“warrant”). Cognate of Icelandic borgan, Danish borgen.
Noun edit
borgen c
- (law) surety, security, guarantee (an undertaking to assume payment obligations for another person if that person is unable to pay themselves)
- gå i borgen för någon ― vouch for someone
- bail
Declension edit
Declension of borgen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Uncountable | ||||
Indefinite | Definite | |||
Nominative | borgen | borgen | — | — |
Genitive | borgens | borgens | — | — |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- borgen in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- borgen in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- borgen in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- borgen in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
- borghan in Knut Fredrik Söderwall, Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket, del 1: A-L