Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/muljaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Zero-grade ye-present, pre-Germanic *ml̥h₂ye-, from the root of *malaną (“to grind”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmul.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*muljaną

1. to crush (into pieces), grind

Inflection

Conjugation of *muljaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*muljō	*muljaų	—	*muljai	?
2nd singular	*mulisi	*muljais	*muli	*muljasai	*muljaisau
3rd singular	*muliþi	*muljai	*muljaþau	*muljaþai	*muljaiþau
1st dual	*muljōs	*muljaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*muljaþiz	*muljaiþiz	*muljaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*muljamaz	*muljaim	—	*muljanþai	*muljainþau
2nd plural	*muliþ	*muljaiþ	*muliþ	*muljanþai	*muljainþau
3rd plural	*muljanþi	*muljain	*muljanþau	*muljanþai	*muljainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*mulidǭ	*mulidēdį̄
2nd singular	*mulidēz	*mulidēdīz
3rd singular	*mulidē	*mulidēdī
1st dual	*mulidēdū	*mulidēdīw
2nd dual	*mulidēdudiz	*mulidēdīdiz
1st plural	*mulidēdum	*mulidēdīm
2nd plural	*mulidēdud	*mulidēdīd
3rd plural	*mulidēdun	*mulidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*muljandz	*mulidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *mulljan
  • Old High German: mullen
    • Middle High German: müllen
      • German: mühlen
• Old Norse: mylja
  • Icelandic: mylja