Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/pīpaną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Latin pīpō.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈpiːpɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*pīpaną^[1]

To chirp or pipe like a bird or rodent
Synonym: *twitwizōną
To talk in a high-pitched or squeaky voice.
To play a pipe or flute; to pipe

Inflection

Conjugation of *pīpaną (strong class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*pīpō	*pīpaų	—	*pīpai	?
2nd singular	*pīpizi	*pīpaiz	*pīp	*pīpazai	*pīpaizau
3rd singular	*pīpidi	*pīpai	*pīpadau	*pīpadai	*pīpaidau
1st dual	*pīpōz	*pīpaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*pīpadiz	*pīpaidiz	*pīpadiz	—	—
1st plural	*pīpamaz	*pīpaim	—	*pīpandai	*pīpaindau
2nd plural	*pīpid	*pīpaid	*pīpid	*pīpandai	*pīpaindau
3rd plural	*pīpandi	*pīpain	*pīpandau	*pīpandai	*pīpaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*paip	*pipį̄
2nd singular	*paift	*pipīz
3rd singular	*paip	*pipī
1st dual	*pipū	*pipīw
2nd dual	*pipudiz	*pipīdiz
1st plural	*pipum	*pipīm
2nd plural	*pipud	*pipīd
3rd plural	*pipun	*pipīn

	present	past
participles	*pīpandz	*pipanaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *pīpan
- Old Saxon: *pīpan
  - Middle Low German: pîpen
    - Low German: piepen
    - → German: piepen
- Old Dutch: *pīpan
  - Middle Dutch: pipen
    - Dutch: pijpen, piepen
    - Limburgish: piepe
- Old High German: *phīfan
  - Middle High German: pfīfen
    - Alemannic German: pfife
    - Bavarian: pfeifn, pfeifa
      - Cimbrian: faifan
    - Central Franconian: piefe, peife
      - Luxembourgish: päifen
    - East Central German: feifen
    - German: pfeifen
    - Rhine Franconian: poife, peife, piefe
    - Yiddish: פֿײַפֿן (fayfn)
  - → Catalan: pifiar
  - → Italian: piffero, piffaro
    - → English: piffero
  - → Spanish: pifiar
    - ⇒ Spanish: pifia (noun) (back-formation)
      - → Portuguese: pífio
Old Norse: *pípa
- Icelandic: pípa
- Danish: pibe
- Swedish: pipa

References

^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*pīpanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 292

[1] Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*pīpanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 292

[1]