Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ovъ
Proto-SlavicEdit
EtymologyEdit
Extracted from thematisations of u-stem nouns, such as *domovъ (“domestic”) from *domъ. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-ew-, the oblique stem of u-stem nouns (*-us) plus the o-stem ending *-os (see also *-ъ for the discussion about the unexpected reflex of *-os).
AdjectiveEdit
*-ovъ
- of, belonging to; creates possessive adjectives. Also productive for creating family names, which indicated origin or relationship.
Usage notesEdit
This suffix is attached only to o-stem nouns. The suffix *-inъ is used for other types of noun, including especially a-stems (feminines). The variant *-evъ is attached to soft-declension nouns (which end in a palatal consonant).
DeclensionEdit
Indefinite declension of *-ovъ (hard)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *-ovъ | *-ova | *-ovo |
Accusative | *-ovъ | *-ovǫ | *-ovo |
Genitive | *-ova | *-ovy | *-ova |
Locative | *-ově | *-ově | *-ově |
Dative | *-ovu | *-ově | *-ovu |
Instrumental | *-ovomь | *-ovojǫ | *-ovomь |
Vocative | *-ove | *-ovo | *-ovo |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *-ova | *-ově | *-ově |
Accusative | *-ova | *-ově | *-ově |
Genitive | *-ovu | *-ovu | *-ovu |
Locative | *-ovu | *-ovu | *-ovu |
Dative | *-ovoma | *-ovama | *-ovoma |
Instrumental | *-ovoma | *-ovama | *-ovoma |
Vocative | *-ova | *-ově | *-ově |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *-ovi | *-ovy | *-ova |
Accusative | *-ovy | *-ovy | *-ova |
Genitive | *-ovъ | *-ovъ | *-ovъ |
Locative | *-ověxъ | *-ovaxъ | *-ověxъ |
Dative | *-ovomъ | *-ovamъ | *-ovomъ |
Instrumental | *-ovy | *-ovami | *-ovy |
Vocative | *-ovi | *-ovy | *-ova |
Definite declension of *-ovъ (hard)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *-ovъjь | *-ovaja | *-ovoje |
Accusative | *-ovъjь | *-ovǫjǫ | *-ovoje |
Genitive | *-ovajego | *-ovyję | *-ovajego |
Locative | *-ovějemь | *-ověji | *-ovějemь |
Dative | *-ovujemu | *-ověji | *-ovujemu |
Instrumental | *-ovyjimi | *-ovǫjǫ | *-ovyjimi |
Vocative | *-ovъjь | *-ovaja | *-ovoje |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *-ovaja | *-ověji | *-ověji |
Accusative | *-ovaja | *-ověji | *-ověji |
Genitive | *-ovuju | *-ovuju | *-ovuju |
Locative | *-ovuju | *-ovuju | *-ovuju |
Dative | *-ovyjima | *-ovyjima | *-ovyjima |
Instrumental | *-ovyjima | *-ovyjima | *-ovyjima |
Vocative | *-ovaja | *-ověji | *-ověji |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *-oviji | *-ovyję | *-ovaja |
Accusative | *-ovyję | *-ovyję | *-ovaja |
Genitive | *-ovъjixъ | *-ovъjixъ | *-ovъjixъ |
Locative | *-ovyjixъ | *-ovyjixъ | *-ovyjixъ |
Dative | *-ovyjimъ | *-ovyjimъ | *-ovyjimъ |
Instrumental | *-ovyjimi | *-ovyjimi | *-ovyjimi |
Vocative | *-oviji | *-ovyję | *-ovaja |
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic: