Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-tati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Form from t-participles or expressive roots ending in -t- with the factive conjugation *-ati or with the emphatic *-jeti (regularly mixed with a-conjugation in aorist and infinitive). Similar to Proto-Slavic *-pati, Proto-Slavic *-kati.

Suffix

*-tati

1. Creates onomatopoeic verbs from onomatopoeic nouns in Proto-Slavic *-otъ, Proto-Slavic *-ъtъ, or Proto-Slavic *-ьtъ:

   *klokotъ (“rumble”) → *klokotati (“to rumble, to gurgle”) (a/j-conjugation)

   *groxotъ (“rattle, din”) → *groxotati (“to crash, to rumble”) (a/j-conjugation)

   *ščьbьtъ (“chirp”) → *ščьbьtati (“to twitter, to chirp”) (a/j-conjugation)

   *šьpъtъ (“whisper”) → *šьpъtati (“to whisper”) (a/j-conjugation)

   *rъpъtъ (“grumble, growl”) → *rъpъtati (“to murmur, to complain”)

   *botъ (“slap, hit”) → *botati (“to hammer, to slash”)

2. Creates iterative verbs from t-participles or action nouns in Proto-Slavic *-ota:

   Pre-Slavic *orti (“to plow”) → *ortъ → *ortati (“to serve, to struggle with work”)

   *biti (“to beat”) → *bitъ → *bitati (“to manage, to handle a device”)

   *orbъ (“slave, worker”) → *orbota (“work, labor”) → *orbotati (“to work”)

   *kľuti (“to peck”) → *kleveta (“slander”) → *klevetati (“to dream, to hope for”) (a/j-conjugation)

3. Creates factive verbs from nouns:

   *xodъ (“move, gait”) → *xodatati (“to mediate, to transmit”)

   *golsъ (“voice”) → *golšatati (“to announce, to proclaim”)

   *mikъ (“slash”) → *mьčьta (“daydream, hope”) → *mьčьtati (“to dream, to hope for”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of *-tati, *-ta, *-tajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*-tanьje	*-tati	*-tatъ	*-talъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*-tanъ	*-tajemъ
Active	*-tavъ	*-taję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*-taxъ	*-ta	*-ta	*-tajǫ	*-taješi	*-tajetь
Dual	*-taxově	*-tasta	*-taste	*-tajevě	*-tajeta	*-tajete
Plural	*-taxomъ	*-taste	*-tašę	*-tajemъ	*-tajete	*-tajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*-taaxъ	*-taaše	*-taaše	—	*-taji	*-taji
Dual	*-taaxově	*-taašeta	*-taašete	*-tajivě	*-tajita	—
Plural	*-taaxomъ	*-taašete	*-taaxǫ	*-tajimъ	*-tajite	—

Less often:

Conjugation of *-tati, *-ta, *-ťetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*-tanьje	*-tati	*-tatъ	*-talъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*-tanъ	*-ťemъ
Active	*-tavъ	*-ťę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*-taxъ	*-ta	*-ta	*-ťǫ	*-ťeši	*-ťetь
Dual	*-taxově	*-tasta	*-taste	*-ťevě	*-ťeta	*-ťete
Plural	*-taxomъ	*-taste	*-tašę	*-ťemъ	*-ťete	*-ťǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*-taaxъ	*-taaše	*-taaše	—	*-ťi	*-ťi
Dual	*-taaxově	*-taašeta	*-taašete	*-ťivě	*-ťita	—
Plural	*-taaxomъ	*-taašete	*-taaxǫ	*-ťimъ	*-ťite	—

Related terms

• *-těti (fientive construction)
• *-titi (causative construction)

See also

• *-kati
• *-pati

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: -тати (-tati)
    • Belarusian: -таць (-tacʹ)
    • Russian: -тать (-tatʹ)
    • Ukrainian: -тати (-taty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: -тати (-tati)

    Glagolitic script: -ⱅⰰⱅⰹ (-tati)

  • Bulgarian: -там (-tam)
  • Macedonian: -та (-ta)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: -тати

    Latin script: -tati

  • Slovene: -tati
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: -tat
  • Polish: -tać
  • Slovak: -tať
  • Slovincian: *-tac
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: -tać
    • Upper Sorbian: -taś