Commonly derived from some enlargement of Proto-Indo-European *gem- (“to squeeze”). Proposed exact etymologies:
- Fraenkel: Possibly directly from *gom- + *-stъ, akin to Latvian guosts (“multitude”), Lithuanian gąstùs (“rich, wealthy”) (from an earlier ganstùs).
- Vasmer, Machek: From an earlier *gǫt- + *-tъ, related to the more rare Proto-Slavic *gǫtьnъ (“dense”) (whence Czech, Slovak hutný).
- Berneker: From an earlier *gn̥ĝ-to-, a perfect passive participle of Proto-Indo-European *genǵ- (“to lump”), akin to Proto-Slavic *gǫžь (“bundle”), Lithuanian gunžỹs (“clump of fodder”), Ancient Greek γογγύλος (gongúlos, “spherical”). Possibly further related to Lithuanian gùnga (“hump, hunchback, clump”), Albanian gungë (“hump”).
*gǫ̑stъ[1][2][3]
- dense, thick
Accent paradigm c.
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “густо́й”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “густой”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 228
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gǫstъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 87
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “гъст”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 305
- “gąstus”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gǫ̑stъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 183: “adj. o (c) ‘dense’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “gǫstъ gǫsta gǫsto”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c tæt (PR 138)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “gọst²”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *gǫ̑stъ”
