Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-tъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tas; the suffix continues both Proto-Indo-European *-tós and *-tus. A distinguishing feature between the two is that lemmas formed with the u-stem suffix, later were extended with *-kъ, e.g. Serbo-Croatian podátak (“datum”) < *datъ (“load, something given”).

Suffix

*-tъ m

1. Deverbal from mono-syllabic simple stems, forms passive participles

   Synonym: *-nъ

   From ū-grade root:

   *obutъ (“footwear put on”) ← *obuti (“to put on footwear”)

   *nadutъ (“swelled”) (+ *na-) ← *duti (“to blow up”)

   From ī-grade root:

   *šitъ (“sewed”) ← *šiti (“to sew”)

   *bitъ (“beaten”) ← *biti (“to beat”)

   From nasal-grade root:

   *klętъ (“pitiable, damned”) ← *klęti (“to curse”)

   *vъzętъ (“taken”) ← *vъzęti (“to take, to acquire”)

2. Deverbal, forms nouns (usually with o-grade)

   *potъ (“sweat”) ← *peťi (“to bake”)

   *letъ (“flight”) ← Pre-Slavic *lekti (“to spring, to hop”)

   *moltъ (“hammer”) ← *melti (“to mold”)

   *datъkъ (“levy”) ← **datъ ← *dati (“to give”)

   *vitъkъ (“coil”) ← **vitъ ← *viti (“to wind, to curve”)

   *ostatъkъ (“remainder”) ← **ostatъ ← *ostati (“to remain”)

Declension

Declension of *-tъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-tъ	*-ta	*-ti
genitive	*-ta	*-tu	*-tъ
dative	*-tu	*-toma	*-tomъ
accusative	*-tъ	*-ta	*-ty
instrumental	*-tъmь, *-tomь*	*-toma	*-ty
locative	*-tě	*-tu	*-těxъ
vocative	*-te	*-ta	*-ti

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

See also

• *-kъ
• *-slo
• *-atъ, *-itъ, *-ьnъ

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-tъ