Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/galiti
Proto-Slavic
editEtymology
editPossibly cognate with Proto-Germanic *gōlijaną (“to greet, to soothe”), from an unusual (Narten-type?) ō-grade causative Proto-Indo-European *gʰōl-éye-ti (“to calm, to soothe”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *galaną (“to charm, to gale”), Proto-Germanic *gellaną (“to yell”).
May not reflect a single semantic core. According to ESSJa, some of the meanings may have been influenced by Proto-Slavic *guľati (“to celebrate, to feast”). Other authors draw connection with Proto-Slavic *žalь (“sorrow”), Proto-Slavic *želěti (“to desire”).
A third semantic nuance may come from Proto-Slavic *golъ (“bare, naked”). Compare Sanskrit गालयति (gālayati, “to cause to go off, to liquify”).
Semantically close to Ancient Greek γαλήνος (galḗnos, “calm, serene”), where the late Christian names Old Church Slavonic Галинъ (Galinŭ), Галина (Galina) originate from. Genetic relation, however, is unlikely. The later is probably cognate with Proto-Slavic *želězo (“iron”), Latin galēna (“lead sulphide”).
Verb
edit*galiti impf
- to fondle, to caress (South, East Slavic)
- to celebrate, to rejoice (East Slavic)
- Synonym: *guľati
- to shield, to shelter (West Slavic)
- to strip? (rare)
Inflection
editVerbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*gaľenьje | *galiti | *galitъ | *galilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *gaľenъ | *galimъ |
Active | *gaľь | *galę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *galixъ | *gali | *gali | *gaľǫ | *gališi | *galitь |
Dual | *galixově | *galista | *galiste | *galivě | *galita | *galite |
Plural | *galixomъ | *galiste | *gališę | *galimъ | *galite | *galętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *gaľaaxъ | *gaľaaše | *gaľaaše | — | *gali | *gali |
Dual | *gaľaaxově | *gaľaašeta | *gaľaašete | *galivě | *galita | — |
Plural | *gaľaaxomъ | *gaľaašete | *gaľaaxǫ | *galimъ | *galite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*galivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
edit- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “галить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*galiti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 92
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “галя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 228
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰel-
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic verbs
- Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs
- sla-conj with extra parameters/n
- Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-