Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫditi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *sǫdì +‎ *-iti.

Verb

*sǭdìti impf

1. to judge

Inflection

Conjugation of *sǫditi (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sǫďenьje	*sǫditi	*sǫditъ	*sǫdilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sǫďenъ	*sǫdimъ
Active	*sǫďь	*sǫdę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sǫdixъ	*sǫdi	*sǫdi	*sǫďǫ	*sǫdiši	*sǫditь
Dual	*sǫdixově	*sǫdista	*sǫdiste	*sǫdivě	*sǫdita	*sǫdite
Plural	*sǫdixomъ	*sǫdiste	*sǫdišę	*sǫdimъ	*sǫdite	*sǫdętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sǫďaaxъ	*sǫďaaše	*sǫďaaše	—	*sǫdi	*sǫdi
Dual	*sǫďaaxově	*sǫďaašeta	*sǫďaašete	*sǫdivě	*sǫdita	—
Plural	*sǫďaaxomъ	*sǫďaašete	*sǫďaaxǫ	*sǫdimъ	*sǫdite	—

Notes:
• (*)*sǫdivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *sǫdì (“judge”)

• *sǫ̃dъ (“court of law, trial, judgment”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: сꙋдити (suditi)
    • Belarusian: судзі́ць (sudzícʹ)
    • Russian: суди́ть (sudítʹ)
      • → Kildin Sami: сӯдтэ (sūdte)
      • → Skolt Sami: suudâd
    • Ukrainian: суди́ти (sudýty)

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic: сѫдити (sǫditi)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: съ́дя (sǎ́dja)
  • Macedonian: суди (sudi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: су́дити

    Latin: súditi

    • Chakavian (Vrgada): sūdȉti
  • Slovene: sọ́diti (tonal orthography)

• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: súditi
    • Czech: soudit
  • Polish: sądzić, (obsolete) sędzić
  • Slovak: súdiť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: sudźić
    • Lower Sorbian: suźiś

References

• Derksen, Rick, Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2008, →ISBN, page 463
• Vasmer, Max, “суди́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language]‎^[1] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Oleg Trubačóv, Moscow: Progress, 1964–1973
• Černyx, P. Ja., “суд”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, 1999, page 216