Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/spěti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *spḗˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *spéh₁-ti (root present), from *speh₁- (“succeed, prosper”).

Verb

*spě̀ti impf

1. to advance, ripen, hurry

Conjugation

Conjugation of *spěti, *spě, *spějetь (impf., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*spětьje	*spěti	*spětъ	*spělъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*spětъ	*spějemъ
Active	*spěvъ	*spěję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*spěxъ	*spě	*spě	*spějǫ	*spěješi	*spějetь
Dual	*spěxově	*spěsta	*spěste	*spějevě	*spějeta	*spějete
Plural	*spěxomъ	*spěste	*spěšę	*spějemъ	*spějete	*spějǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*spěaxъ	*spěaše	*spěaše	—	*spěji	*spěji
Dual	*spěaxově	*spěašeta	*spěašete	*spějivě	*spějita	—
Plural	*spěaxomъ	*spěašete	*spěaxǫ	*spějimъ	*spějite	—

Related terms

• *sporъ

Derived terms

• *spě̑xъ (“haste”), *spěšiti (“hurry”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: спѣти (spěti)
    • Belarusian: спець (spjecʹ)
    • Russian: спеть (spetʹ)
    • Ukrainian: спі́ти (spíty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: спѣти (spěti)

    Glagolitic: ⱄⱂⱑⱅⰹ (spěti)

  • Bulgarian: спе́я (spéja) (dialectal or archaic?), успе́я (uspéja)
  • Macedonian: успее (uspee)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: у̀спјети; до̀спјети

    Latin: ùspjeti; dòspjeti

  • Slovene: spẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: spět
  • Old Polish: śpiać
  • Slovak: spieť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: spěć

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “спеть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 193
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “спеть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress