arriver
English edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
arriver (plural arrivers)
- One who arrives; usually, one who arrives in a specified way.
- 2007 January 7, “Gerard Beekman and Michael Kaminsky”, in New York Times[1]:
- Mr. Kaminsky tells precisely the same story — except with Mr. Beekman as the late arriver.
Translations edit
French edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Middle French arriver, from Old French ariver, from Early Medieval Latin adrīpāre. Synchronically a- + rive + -er.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
arriver
- to arrive (often followed by a location)
- On est arrivés à Paris vers 9 heures.
- We arrived in Paris around 9 o'clock.
- Ils sont arrivés avant moi.
- They got there before me.
- Je n’arriverai pas à temps pour voir le début du film.
- I won't arrive in time to see the start of the film.
- (impersonal) to happen (unlike other translations of happen, can be used with an indirect object to specify something/somebody affected by the action; it may also be used with a relative clause in the subjunctive)
- Ça ne m’arrive jamais.
- That never happens to me.
- Il arrive souvent qu’il soit en retard.
- It often happens that he is late.
- (informal) to cope, to manage
- J’ sais pas quoi faire... J’arrive plus. ― I don't know what to do... I can't do it anymore.
- to be able to, to manage (to do something successfully)
- Synonym: parvenir
- Je suis finalement arrivé à réparer cette porte.
- I finally managed to repair that door.
- 2015, Claude Nativel, Comme le phénix...:
- Je n’avais aucune nouvelle de la situation politique dans notre pauvre pays, je ne savais pas ce que j’allais trouver en y foulant son sol, si nous arrivions à passer la frontière du pays voisin sans nous faire arrêter.
- I had no news of the political situation in our poor country, I didn't know what I would find when I set foot on its soil, if we were able to cross the neighboring country's border without being arrested.
- to obtain a level of success or fame
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of arriver (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | arriver | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | être + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | arrivant /a.ʁi.vɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | étant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | arrivé /a.ʁi.ve/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | arrive /a.ʁiv/ |
arrives /a.ʁiv/ |
arrive /a.ʁiv/ |
arrivons /a.ʁi.vɔ̃/ |
arrivez /a.ʁi.ve/ |
arrivent /a.ʁiv/ |
| imperfect | arrivais /a.ʁi.vɛ/ |
arrivais /a.ʁi.vɛ/ |
arrivait /a.ʁi.vɛ/ |
arrivions /a.ʁi.vjɔ̃/ |
arriviez /a.ʁi.vje/ |
arrivaient /a.ʁi.vɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | arrivai /a.ʁi.ve/ |
arrivas /a.ʁi.va/ |
arriva /a.ʁi.va/ |
arrivâmes /a.ʁi.vam/ |
arrivâtes /a.ʁi.vat/ |
arrivèrent /a.ʁi.vɛʁ/ | |
| future | arriverai /a.ʁi.vʁe/ |
arriveras /a.ʁi.vʁa/ |
arrivera /a.ʁi.vʁa/ |
arriverons /a.ʁi.vʁɔ̃/ |
arriverez /a.ʁi.vʁe/ |
arriveront /a.ʁi.vʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | arriverais /a.ʁi.vʁɛ/ |
arriverais /a.ʁi.vʁɛ/ |
arriverait /a.ʁi.vʁɛ/ |
arriverions /a.ʁi.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
arriveriez /a.ʁi.və.ʁje/ |
arriveraient /a.ʁi.vʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of être + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of être + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of être + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of être + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | arrive /a.ʁiv/ |
arrives /a.ʁiv/ |
arrive /a.ʁiv/ |
arrivions /a.ʁi.vjɔ̃/ |
arriviez /a.ʁi.vje/ |
arrivent /a.ʁiv/ |
| imperfect2 | arrivasse /a.ʁi.vas/ |
arrivasses /a.ʁi.vas/ |
arrivât /a.ʁi.va/ |
arrivassions /a.ʁi.va.sjɔ̃/ |
arrivassiez /a.ʁi.va.sje/ |
arrivassent /a.ʁi.vas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of être + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | arrive /a.ʁiv/ |
— | arrivons /a.ʁi.vɔ̃/ |
arrivez /a.ʁi.ve/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → German: arrivieren (“to succeed”)
Further reading edit
- “arriver”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Middle French edit
Etymology edit
From Old French ariver.
Verb edit
arriver
- to arrive
Conjugation edit
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of arriver
| infinitive | simple | arriver | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | estre + past participle | ||||||
| present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | arrivant | |||||
| compound | present participle or gerund of estre + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | arrivé | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | arrive | arrives | arrive | arrivons | arrivez | arrivent |
| imperfect | arrivois, arrivoys | arrivois, arrivoys | arrivoit, arrivoyt | arrivions, arrivyons | arriviez, arrivyez | arrivoient, arrivoyent | |
| past historic | arriva | arrivas | arriva | arrivasmes | arrivastes | arriverent | |
| future | arriverai, arriveray | arriveras | arrivera | arriverons | arriverez | arriveront | |
| conditional | arriverois, arriveroys | arriverois, arriveroys | arriveroit, arriveroyt | arriverions, arriveryons | arriveriez, arriveryez | arriveroient, arriveroyent | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of estre + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of estre + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | past historic of estre + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of estre + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of estre + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | arrive | arrives | arrive | arrivons | arrivez | arrivent |
| imperfect | arrivasse | arrivasses | arrivast | arrivassions | arrivassiez | arrivassent | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of estre + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of estre + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | arrive | — | arrivons | arrivez | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of estre + past participle | — | simple imperative of estre + past participle | simple imperative of estre + past participle | — | |
| 1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
| 2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). | |||||||
Descendants edit
- French: arriver
Norman edit
Alternative forms edit
- arrivaïr (Guernsey)
Etymology edit
Inherited from Early Medieval Latin adrīpāre. Synchronically a- + rive + -er.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Verb edit
arriver
Antonyms edit
- parti (“to leave”)