clavicula

See also: Clavicula and clavícula

English

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from New Latin clāvicula (“the collarbone”), diminutive of clāvis (“a key”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /kləˈvɪk.jəl.ə/, /klæˈvɪk.jəl.ə/
• Rhymes: -ɪkjʊlə

Noun

clavicula (plural claviculae or (archaic) claviculæ)

1. (anatomy) Alternative form of clavicle.

Related terms

• clavicular
• claviculate

References

• “clavicula”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

Latin

Etymology

From clāvis (“a key”) +‎ -cula (diminutive nominal suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /klaːˈu̯i.ku.la/, [kɫ̪äːˈu̯ɪkʊɫ̪ä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /klaˈvi.ku.la/, [kläˈviːkulä]

Noun

clāvicula f (genitive clāviculae); first declension

1. a little key
2. (botany) the tendril of a vine
3. a bar or bolt of a door
4. a pivot
5. (New Latin, anatomy) the clavicle, collar bone

Inflection

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	clāvicula	clāviculae
Genitive	clāviculae	clāviculārum
Dative	clāviculae	clāviculīs
Accusative	clāviculam	clāviculās
Ablative	clāviculā	clāviculīs
Vocative	clāvicula	clāviculae

Derived terms

• clāviculārius

Related terms

• clāvicārius
• clāviger

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: cavicchia, cavicchio
    • → Friulian: cavicje, cavicj
  • Sicilian: cavicchia, cavigghia
• Padanian:
  • Emilian: cavicc, cavecc, cavigia, cavìa
  • Friulian: cjavile
  • Ligurian: caviggia
  • Lombard: caecc, cavecc, cavicc
  • Piedmontese: cavija, cavìa, cavij, cavuj, cavagia, cavicc
  • Romagnol: cavèja
  • Romansch: tganveala
  • Venetian: caécia, caìcia, caùcia, caùcio
• Northern Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: chevelye, chevlye, chvely, stevelye

• • Old French: cheville, kevile (Northern)
    • French: cheville
    • Norman: g'vil'ye, gvil (Sark); quevîle (Continental Norman)
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: clavilla
  • Old Occitan: cavilla
    • Occitan: cavilha, calhiva
      • Nord-Occitan chavilha
    • → Italian: caviglia
    • → Portuguese: cavilha
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: chavella
    • Galician: chavella
    • Portuguese: chavelha → cravelha (semi-learned)
  • Spanish: llavija, lavija, → clavija (semi-learned)
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: cabija, cabiga, crabiga, crapica, cabígia, cabíciu, carícia, chelvija, chelfija
• Borrowings:
  • → Catalan: clavícula
  • → English: clavicula
  • → Friulian: clavìcule
  • → Galician: clavícula
  • → Italian: clavicola
  • → Middle French: clavicule
    • French: clavicule
    • → English: clavicle
  • → Portuguese: clavícula
  • → Romanian: claviculă
  • → Spanish: clavícula

References

• “clavicula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “clavicula”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• clavicula in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.