English

edit
 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

edit

From Latin clāvis (a key). Doublet of clave and clef.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

clavis (plural clavises or claves)

  1. (archaeology) A Roman key.
    Synonym: key
    • 1873, “Proceedings of the Association”, in Journal of the British Archaeological Association[1], volume 29, April 9th, page 202:
      Iron clavis, the solid web-shaped at the edges to fit the wards in the lock, and having a pointed broach and a kite-formed looped haft.
  2. A device for restraint of the hands.
    Synonym: shackles
    • 1904, B. O. Flower, “Editorials”, in B. O. Flower, editor, The Arena[2], volume 32, VI. Dr. Bell shows how hopeless insanity was a fruit of public parsimony, page 540, column 2:
      His hands were restrained by means of a clavis and bolt (of iron), appropriated to each wrist, and united by a padlock.
  3. Synonym of glossary: a key to the meaning of various terms.
    • 1784 July 12, William Cowper, “To the Rev. William Unwin.”, in Robert Southey, editor, The Works of William Cowper, with a Life of the Author[3], volume 5, published 1836, page 54:
      Homer, with a clavis, I have had possession of some years.
  4. (taxonomy) A key; an identification guide; a series of logically organized groups of discriminating information which aims to allow the user to correctly identify a taxon.
    Synonyms: identification guide, conspectus, key
    • 1921, Alexander Irvine, “Short Notes: Rosa spinosissima×rubiginosa×f. cantiana, forma nova”, in Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, volume 59, number 702, page 180:
      There are many disadvantages in using a clavis intended for another country, which necessarily includes plants that are absent from our islands while it omits some that are present and neglects the peculiarities of our island flora.
edit

Translations

edit

References

edit

Anagrams

edit

Catalan

edit

Verb

edit

clavis

  1. second-person singular present subjunctive of clavar

Latin

edit
 
Latin Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia la
 
clāvis (a key)

Etymology 1

edit

    From Proto-Italic *klāwis. Either a secondary i-stem derivation of the Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (nail, pin, hook - instruments, of old use for locking doors) which gave also Latin clāvus (nail), an inherited Indo-European word originally denoting an instrument for unlocking doors, or a loanword from dialectal Ancient Greek *κλᾱϝίς (*klāwís) (Classical κλείς (kleís)), from the same Proto-Indo-European root.[1]

    Pronunciation

    edit

    Noun

    edit

    clāvis f (genitive clāvis); third declension

    1. a key
      • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 24:
        Post hanc orationem claves portarum pecuniaeque regiae ante pedes eorum posuit.
        After this discourse he laid the keys of the gates and of the royal treasure at their feet.
      • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Iudicum.3.25:
        [] et videntes quod nullus aperiret tulerunt clavem et aperientes invenerunt dominum suum iacentem in terra mortuum
        [] and, behold, he did not open the doors; therefore they took a key and opened [the doors] to enter [but] their lord was lying dead on the ground.
    2. ellipsis of clāvis trochī, an instrument in the form of a key, by which a top was set in motion
    3. a lever or bar for tightening a screw press
      Synonym: clāvis torculārī
    Usage notes
    edit

    Not to be confused with clāva (a staff, cudgel, club) or clāvus (a nail).

    Declension
    edit

    Third-declension noun (i-stem, accusative singular in -em or -im, ablative singular in -e or ).

    singular plural
    nominative clāvis clāvēs
    genitive clāvis clāvium
    dative clāvī clāvibus
    accusative clāvem
    clāvim
    clāvēs
    clāvīs
    ablative clāve
    clāvī
    clāvibus
    vocative clāvis clāvēs
    Derived terms
    edit
    edit
    Descendants
    edit
    • Balkan Romance:
      • Aromanian: cljai
      • Romanian: cheie
    • Dalmatian:
    • Italo-Romance:
    • Padanian:
    • Gallo-Romance:
      • Catalan: clau
      • Franco-Provençal: cllâf
      • Old French: clef (see there for further descendants)
      • Occitan: clau
    • Ibero-Romance:
    • Insular Romance:
    • Borrowings:

    See also

    edit

    References

    edit
    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “clāvis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 119

    Further reading

    edit
    • clavis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • clavis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • "clavis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • clavis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • clavis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • clavis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

    Etymology 2

    edit

    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Noun

    edit

    clāvīs

    1. dative/ablative plural of clāvus

    Etymology 3

    edit

    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Noun

    edit

    clāvīs

    1. dative/ablative plural of clāva