empiéter

French

Etymology

From en- +‎ pied (“foot”) +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɑ̃.pje.te/
Audio: (file)

Verb

empiéter

(intransitive) to encroach, impinge [with sur ‘upon’]

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written 'é') and /ɛ/ (written 'è'), with the latter being used before mute 'e'. One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written empiéter-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written empièter-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.

Conjugation of empiéter (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	compound	avoir + past participle
infinitive	simple	empiéter
present participle or gerund¹	simple	empiétant /ɑ̃.pje.tɑ̃/
present participle or gerund¹	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		empiété /ɑ̃.pje.te/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	empiète /ɑ̃.pjɛt/	empiètes /ɑ̃.pjɛt/	empiète /ɑ̃.pjɛt/	empiétons /ɑ̃.pje.tɔ̃/	empiétez /ɑ̃.pje.te/	empiètent /ɑ̃.pjɛt/
	imperfect	empiétais /ɑ̃.pje.tɛ/	empiétais /ɑ̃.pje.tɛ/	empiétait /ɑ̃.pje.tɛ/	empiétions /ɑ̃.pje.tjɔ̃/	empiétiez /ɑ̃.pje.tje/	empiétaient /ɑ̃.pje.tɛ/
	past historic²	empiétai /ɑ̃.pje.te/	empiétas /ɑ̃.pje.ta/	empiéta /ɑ̃.pje.ta/	empiétâmes /ɑ̃.pje.tam/	empiétâtes /ɑ̃.pje.tat/	empiétèrent /ɑ̃.pje.tɛʁ/
	future	empièterai or empiéterai /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tʁe/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tʁe/	empièteras or empiéteras /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tʁa/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tʁa/	empiètera or empiétera /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tʁa/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tʁa/	empièterons or empiéterons /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tʁɔ̃/	empièterez or empiéterez /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tʁe/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tʁe/	empièteront or empiéteront /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tʁɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tʁɔ̃/
	conditional	empièterais or empiéterais /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tʁɛ/	empièterais or empiéterais /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tʁɛ/	empièterait or empiéterait /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tʁɛ/	empièterions or empiéterions /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tə.ʁjɔ̃/	empièteriez or empiéteriez /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tə.ʁje/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tə.ʁje/	empièteraient or empiéteraient /ɑ̃.pjɛ.tʁɛ/ or /ɑ̃.pje.tʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior²	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	empiète /ɑ̃.pjɛt/	empiètes /ɑ̃.pjɛt/	empiète /ɑ̃.pjɛt/	empiétions /ɑ̃.pje.tjɔ̃/	empiétiez /ɑ̃.pje.tje/	empiètent /ɑ̃.pjɛt/
(simple tenses)	imperfect²	empiétasse /ɑ̃.pje.tas/	empiétasses /ɑ̃.pje.tas/	empiétât /ɑ̃.pje.ta/	empiétassions /ɑ̃.pje.ta.sjɔ̃/	empiétassiez /ɑ̃.pje.ta.sje/	empiétassent /ɑ̃.pje.tas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
(compound tenses)	pluperfect²	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	~~nous~~	~~vous~~	–
simple		—	empiète /ɑ̃.pjɛt/	—	empiétons /ɑ̃.pje.tɔ̃/	empiétez /ɑ̃.pje.te/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
¹ The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
² In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

empiétement