jnj

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈjiːnit/ → /ˈjiːniʔ/ → /ˈʔiːna/ → /ˈʔiːnə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈjiːnit/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈjiːniʔ/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈʔiːna/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈʔiːnə/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ini/
  • Conventional anglicization: ini

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to bring, to get, to fetch
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 140–142:

     dj.j jn.t(w) n.k jbj ḥknw jwdnb ẖsꜣyt sntr n(j) gsw prw sḥtpw nṯr nb jm.f

     I will have them bring you laudanum, ḥknw-oil, jwdnb-incense, cassia, and the incense of the temple storerooms, with which every god is made content.

2. (transitive) to acquire, to get
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 174–175:

     ꜥḥꜥ.n(.j) ꜥq.kw ḥr jtj mz.n.j n.f jnw pn jn.n.j m ẖnw n(j) jw pn

     Then I entered before the sovereign and presented him with those gifts (literally, “this getting”) that I had gotten within that island.

3. (transitive) to attain (a goal)
4. (intransitive) to have recourse, to turn [with m ‘to’]

Inflection

Conjugation of jnj (irregular third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: jn, geminated stem: jnn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
jnt, jnj	jnw, jn	jnt, jnwt, jnyt	jn	jn, jny

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
jn8, jnn8	ḥr jnt, ḥr jnj	m jnt, m jnj	r jnt, r jnj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	jn.n	jnw, jn, jny	consecutive	jn.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	jnt, jnyt
perfective3	jn	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	jn.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	jn, jny	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	jnw, jn, jny	jnw, jn, jny	potentialis1	jn.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	jnt	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	jn.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	jnw1, jny, jn	active + .tj1, .tw2	jn	jny, jn
imperfective	jnn, jnny, jnnw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	jnn, jnnj6, jnny6	jnn, jnnw5
prospective	jnw1, jny, jn, jntj7	—	jnwtj1 4, jntj4, jnt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Derived terms

• jn-jt.f
• jn-ḥrt
• rḏj jn.tw

Descendants

• Demotic: jn
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲓⲛⲓ (ini)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲓⲛⲉ (eine)

Etymology 2

Uncertain. Like many fifth-dynasty pharaohs’ birth names, this name may simply be a diminutive without any meaning of its own, perhaps of the pharaoh’s throne name n-wsr-rꜥ (in which case it may not be the actual name given at birth). Alternatively, some have tentatively attempted to explain it with various meanings, such as ‘the delayed one’ or ‘the (one with the bushy?) eyebrows’.

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ini/
  • Conventional anglicization: ini

Proper noun

 m

1. A given name of historical usage, notably borne by Nyuserre Ini, a pharaoh of the Fifth Dynasty

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jnj  

jny

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 180, 189, 228, 250, 267–268, 456.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, pages 83, 146
• Leprohon, Ronald (2013) Denise Doxey, editor, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, →ISBN, page 40
• von Beckerath, Jürgen (1984) Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen, München: Deutscher Kunstverlag, →ISBN, pages 55, 182