Egyptian
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Etymology 1
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Pronunciation
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3ae inf.
( transitive ) to bring , to get , to fetch
c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE ,
Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 140–142:
dj.j jn.t(w) n.k jbj ḥknw jwdnb ẖsꜣyt sntr n(j) gsw prw sḥtpw nṯr nb jm.f I will have them bring you laudanum, ḥknw -oil, jwdnb -incense, cassia, and the incense of the temple storerooms, with which every god is made content.
( transitive ) to acquire , to get
c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE ,
Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 174–175:
ꜥḥꜥ.n(.j) ꜥq.kw ḥr jtj mz.n.j n.f jnw pn jn.n .j m ẖnw n(j) jw pn Then I entered before the sovereign and presented him with those gifts ( literally, “this getting” ) that I had gotten within that island.
( transitive ) to attain (a goal)
( transitive with m ) to have recourse to, to turn to
Inflection
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Conjugation of jnj (irregular third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: jn , geminated stem: jnn
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
jnt , jnj
jnw , jn
jnt , jnwt , jnyt
jn
jn , jny
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
jn.n
jnw , jn , jny
consecutive
jn.jn
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
jnt , jnyt
perfective 3
jn
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
obligative1
jn.ḫr
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
jn , jny
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
jnw , jn , jny
jnw , jn , jny
potentialis1
jn.kꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
jnt
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
jn.n
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
—
—
perfective
jnw 1 , jny , jn
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
jn
jny , jn
imperfective
jnn , jnny , jnnw 5
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
jnn , jnnj 6 , jnny 6
jnn , jnnw 5
prospective
jnw 1 , jny , jn , jntj 7
—
jnwtj 1 4 , jntj 4 , jnt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f /.fj , feminine .s /.sj , dual .sn /.snj , plural .sn .
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Demotic: jn
Bohairic Coptic: ⲓⲛⲓ ( ini )
Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲓⲛⲉ ( eine )
Etymology 2
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Uncertain. Like many fifth-dynasty pharaohs’ birth names, this name may simply be a diminutive without any meaning of its own, perhaps of the pharaoh’s throne name n-wsr-rꜥ (in which case it may not be the actual name given at birth). Alternatively, some have tentatively attempted to explain it with various meanings, such as ‘the delayed one’ or ‘the (one with the bushy?) eyebrows’.
Pronunciation
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Proper noun
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m
A given name of historical usage, notably borne by Nyuserre Ini , a pharaoh of the Fifth Dynasty
Alternative forms
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Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jnj
References
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James P[eter] Allen (2010 ) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs , 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN , pages 180, 189, 228, 250, 267–268, 456 .
Hoch, James (1997 ) Middle Egyptian Grammar , Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN , pages 83, 146
Leprohon, Ronald (2013 ) Denise Doxey, editor, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary , Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, →ISBN , page 40
von Beckerath, Jürgen (1984 ) Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen , München: Deutscher Kunstverlag, →ISBN , pages 55, 182